南阳2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测三年级英语

1、He is a(n) ________ person and always ready to start a fight.

A.punctual B.religious C.aggressive D.elegant

2、We got to the top of a mountain _________ we can see the whole city.

A. at where B. from there

C. from where D. there

3、Many nations have promised to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but are falling short of the ________ reduction of 25 to 40 percent of 1990 levels.

A.target B.option C.profit D.refund

4、The library needs _______, but it’ll have to wait until Sunday.

A. cleaning B. be cleaned

C. clean D. being cleaned

5、The government has not yet ________ the seriousness of the crisis.

A.mastered B.seized C.grasped D.acquired

6、A household robot was going to be ______ by Larry’s wife, Claire.

A.carried out B.sorted out C.figured out D.tested out

7、One’s life has value_________ one brings value to the life of others.

A.so long as B.even though C.as if D.while

8、The secretary made a note of it _____ she should forget.

A.in order that B.in case

C.so that D.ever when

9、A hot cup of tea on such a cold night was a real ________ to me.

A.respect B.moment C.comfort D.fortune

10、The sales and marketing staff are now discussing ______their sales will be like for the coming months.

A.which B.what C.how D.when

11、The old couple ________for more man 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.

A．married

B．have married

C．have got married

D．have been married

12、Would you slow down a bit，please？I can't________you.

A．keep up with

B．put up with

C．make up to

D．hold on to

13、It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______journey.

A.three-hour B.a three hour C.a three-hour D.three hours

14、It’s important for the figures regularly.

A．to be updated

B．to have been updated

C．to update

D．to have updated

15、His election campaigns were infamous for their cruelty — he often made sure that those who did not vote for him would never vote again — but the ________ of his involvement has never been clear.

A．vision

B．vulnerability

C．depth

D．misconception

16、The sculpture, and the person who produced it, ________the young artist has never been able to find out.

A.that B./

C.which D.what

17、It turned out that she won the first prize in the petition, which was beyond her   .

A. expectations   B. reputations

C. contributions D. celebrations

18、–Is football John’s favourite sport?

--Yes. __________ football, baseball is his greatest love.

A. Near to B. Except

C. Beside D. Next to

19、Don’t let failure _____ you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.

A. display B. dissolve

C. discount D. discourage

20、Ann never dreams of _____ for her to be sent abroad very soon.

A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance

C. there be a chance D. being a chance

21、Nowadays, basic health care services are ______ to almost all the Chinese people, contributing to a rise in average life expectancy.

A.alternative B.abundant C.accessible D.creative

22、Human beings are different from animals________they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A．in which

B．in that

C．for that

D．for which

23、—________ makes your son feel depressed recently?

—Being rejected by all the universities he has applied to.

A. What it is that B. How is it that

C. What is it that D. How it is that

24、Teachers are always showing special ___ the students who are diligent and active in class.

A. preference to B. favor to

C. preference for D. favor for

25、Every minute was made full use of ________ for the performance at CCTV Spring Festival.

A．preparing

B．being prepared

C．to prepare

D．prepared

26、   The coronavirus outbreak has sparked panic buying of toilet paper and cleaning products in countries across the world, but one UK businessman is determined to spread some happiness among the anxiety and confusion.

Rob Braddick, 48, who owns Braddick’s Holiday Park in Westward Ho, Devon, in the southwest of England, has filled the toy grabber machines in his amusement park with two of the country’s most sought-after cleaning products.

Customers could previously try their hand at grabbing “Frozen 2” or “Peter Rabbit” toys from the machines, but no more. “They got removed this morning,” Braddick said of the toys, replacing them with toilet roll and hand sanitizer (洗手液). Visitors can now pay 50p for three goes on the toilet roll grabber, or a go for Carex, which Braddick described as the “Rolls- Royce of hand sanitizers.”

Braddick said that his decision was born of a desire to make people feel less stressed in uncertain times. “It’s a bit of light relief with everything that’s going on,” he said. “Hopefully it will raise a smile, which I think everybody needs.”

Around the world, travel plans have been severely affected, and tens of millions of people remain at home as part of global efforts to fight against coronavirus. Supermarkets have seen shortages of toilet paper and hand sanitizer as anxious consumers stockpile the products.

Braddick said the family business, which has been running since 1932, has received more than a dozen calls from potential customers who say they don’t want to travel abroad for their holidays and would rather stay in the UK. As for his own measures against coronavirus, Braddick said staff have been told to wash their hands every half hour, which is particularly important for those handling money.

【1】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.New practice of the game. B.Prizes of the game.

C.Price for a try. D.People’s love for grabbing toys.

【2】What’s the purpose of Braddick’s new idea?

A.To make higher profits. B.To attract more people to play the game.

C.To support his family business. D.To ease people’s anxiety.

【3】What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Cleaning products will be in shortage for a long time.

B.Braddick’s business is experiencing a hard time.

C.Tourism may fall into a decline.

D.Everyone in the park is told to wash their hands every half hour.

27、   Many cosplay activities are being organized in China, making the subculture popular among some youths. Cosplay means costume play, in which participants wear costumes and fashion accessories (配饰) to represent a specific character.

What’s the reason why youths are interested in cosplay? 【1】 Cosplay participants often interact with each other to dress up as characters from animes (动漫), cartoons, comic books, films, TV programs and video games. Youths who love cosplay have their own sets of jokes, which “outsiders” rarely understand. 【2】

Cosplayers are almost always young, most of them under 25, and as they grow older, they tend to give up the practice. 【3】 Instead, they should treat such youngsters as normal youths, but at the same time warn them never to cross the social and moral boundaries.

The cosplay subculture is a kind of performing arts. Cosplayers usually get the costumes in these ways. First, through some companies that make and sell packaged suits for cosplay. Second, through some individuals that make costumes and accessories. 【4】

With capital flowing into the ACG (二次元) industry, more specific and mature business models help the industry develop further. 【5】 Since then the domestic animation and game industry has been developing healthily with a stronger sense of using legal products. China’s ACG industry is likely to see higher growth in 2019.

A. Based on a research, 2015 proved to be a turning point.

B. The cosplay industry is expected to witness more success.

C. Therefore, there is no need for parents to overreact to cosplay.

D. So regulators should strictly monitor such events to prevent improper behaviors.

E. And besides, by making them themselves.

F. That’s because it’s a way for youths to express virtual love.

G. Perhaps that’s why some people dislike them.

28、Evenings With Dad

Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.

Dad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”

I was more than happy to do it. At age five, this kind of task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet.

About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t come home as much as he used to. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job? Why take the risk and place the whole family in trouble? Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him.

Now 28, I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has also started to get back on track. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me went on.

Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he asked me to clean his comb. I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink.

It was a new comb. This one was brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. After cleaning it, I passed it back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as before.

【1】How did the author feel about her earliest memories with her Dad?

A．Moved.

B．Cheerful.

C．Challenging.

D．Tired.

【2】The reason why Dad started his own business was most probably that ________.

A．he lost his job and had to make a living

B．he was eager to get a sense of achievement

C．he hoped to earn a better life for the family

D．he wanted to protect his life from getting shaky

【3】From the passage we know that the author’s Dad was ________.

A．kind to the colleagues

B．confident in his work

C．strict with his daughter

D．responsible for his family

【4】The author shared her story with her Dad because ________.

A．she intended to remember their happy time

B．she took pride in helping her father clean the combs

C．she was grateful for what her father had done for the family

D．she wanted others to draw a lesson from her personal experience

29、   Welcome to our website. Here are some magazines to recommend this week.

Cover: $56.00

Sale Price:$25.00

Alarm celebrates independent thinking in music, art, film and fashion through in-depth writings. Each issue of Alarm features interviews, reviews and life stories of famous people in the artistic world. It also provides the  latest news on famous bands, artists, film makers and fashion trends.

Cover Price: $47.40

Sale Price: $12.00

Alternative Press celebrates music and youth culture. It features the latest music news and releases, and includes interviews with new bands as well as famous bands. The magazine is written for fans of electronic, industrial, punk, underground, rock, experimental and other musical types. It also offers columns about new technology, book reviews and film reviews.

Cover Price: $39.92

Sale Price: $12,00

Sound & Vision is for people with a great interest in music and video. It is also for people who want to know how to reproduce video. The magazine tests new technology and explains how to uy and use music equipment.

Cover Price: $23.70

Sale Price: $12.00

Plex is a lifestyle magazine. It covers everything with hip-hop culture. Articles cover music, fashion, film and sports. It also has a buyer's guide to the hottest gear, clothes and gadgets. Plex combines two magazines into one. It is not only a lifestyle magazine but also a product guide.

【1】Alarm would most probably attract people who love reading   .

A.serious writings on music B.simple humorous stories

C.reviews of novels D.stories written by famous artists

【2】What discount can you get if you buy Alternative Press on the website?

A.about 38%. B.about 55%.

C.about 75%. D.about 70%.

【3】Which magazine will suit a hip-hop fan?

A.Sound & Vision. B.Alarm.

C.Alternative Press. D.Plex.

30、   Some teachers seem to be bad teachers, but they are not. Take my football coach for example. One day, we were doing some ______ practicing catching the football. He threw me a pass and I dropped it. He started ______ me. I went back in line, ______. My friend was up next. He dropped it, too. But the coach said nothing. Annoyed, I whispered, “Why ______ against me?”

After practice he came ______ to me and told me the reason he shouted at me ______ the other guy was that he expected more out of me. If he ______ my mistakes, it meant he had quit on me.

Another teacher ______ my mind was my PhD supervisor, Ken Crowe. He had a(n) ______ for making grown men cry when they disappointed him, but I was ______ by the topic he was working on.

He gave me a(n)______: to figure out what caused muons to get depolarized (去极化) in liquids. After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it. He listened for a few minutes and then ______: “You have no idea what you’re talking about! Get out and don’t come back until you do!” Now I was starting to get ______, complaining about him as cold-hearted.

Bent on changing his attitude and ______ more relevant knowledge, I really got into it._______, I understood it so well that to this day it is my most proud ______. Then I went back to tell Ken what I had figured out. Again he interrupted me a few minutes into my ______, but I carried on. When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research. From that day forward, he supported and promoted me ______ we became great friends and respected colleagues.

So don’t ever complain about your “______” teachers. They may ______ you to make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later.

【1】A. running B. drills C. operations D. research

【2】A. yelling at B. staring at C. glancing at D. laughing at

【3】A. amazed B. satisfied C. frightened D. embarrassed

【4】A. debate B. discriminate C. decide D. defend

【5】A. in B. across C. over D. away

【6】A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than

【7】A. overlooked B. condemned C. resisted D. exposed

【8】A. closing B. broadening C. crossing D. reading

【9】A. reputation B. reference C. affection D. preference

【10】A. astonished B. puzzled C. disturbed D. fascinated

【11】A. principle B. assignment C. reward D. award

【12】A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in D. cut up

【13】A. pleased B. content C. tense D. mad

【14】A. acquiring B. acknowledging C. accelerating D. addressing

【15】A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Gradually D. Purposefully

【16】A. accomplishment B. establishment C. development D. commitment

【17】A. enquiry B. presentation C. outline D. conference

【18】A. although B. as C. before D. until

【19】A. tolerant B. considerate C. mean D. kind

【20】A. permit B. bother C. inspire D. forbid

31、Learning to Accept

I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. _______, he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was  _________ and ill.

My father was _______ a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness _______ all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is  _______. One night, I went to visit him with my sisters. We started _______ about life, and I told them about one of my_______. I said that we must very often give things up _______ we grow --- our youth, our beauty, our friends --- but it always _______ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father ________ up. He said, “But, Peter, I gave up ________! What did I gain?” I thought and thought, but I couldn’t think of anything to say. ________, he answered his own question: “I ________ the love of my family,” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness.

I was also ________ by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (愤怒的) at someone, I ________ remember his words and become ________. If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be ________ to give up my small irritations. In this ________, I learned the power of acceptance from my father.

Sometimes I ________ what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am grateful for this one ________

【1】A.Afterwards B.Therefore C.However D.Meanwhile

【2】A.tired B.weak C.poor D.slow

【3】A.already B.still C.only D.once

【4】A.took B.threw C.sent D.put

【5】A.impossible B.difficult C.stressful D.hopeless

【6】A.worrying B.caring C.talking D.asking

【7】A.decisions B.experiences C.ambitions D.beliefs

【8】A.as B.since C.before D.till

【9】A.suggests B.promises C.seems D.requires

【10】A.spoke B.turned C.summed D.opened

【11】A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything

【12】A.Surprisingly B.Immediately C.Naturally D.Certainly

【13】A.had B.accepted C.gained D.enjoyed

【14】A.touched B.astonished C.attracted D.warned

【15】A.should B.could C.would D.might

【16】A.quiet B.calm C.relaxed D.happy

【17】A.ready B.likely C.free D.able

【18】A.case B.form C.method D.way

【19】A.doubt B.wonder C.know D.guess

【20】A.award B.gift C.lesson D.word

32、   I took the Harvard Summer School programme during my summer vacation. I really ________ the chance to learn there, which _______ my horizons greatly. As all _______ I took were humanities­related, I _______ much time to reading in Harvard’s libraries. I enjoyed myself _______ I was there, either doing research for my papers or enjoying special edition books that had _______ over time.

When the library first came into _______, I looked at it with respect and was deeply _______ by its neoclassical design. The design is inspiring. It occurred to me that _______ as Greek temples were houses of gods, the library was a temple of ________.

On opening a pair of heavy elegant metal doors, I was ________ in warm light. Fascinated, I wandered around the ________ library, finding one treasure after another. One ________ caught my interest is the donor Widener. He was crazy about ________ rare old books, and one of his most precious collections immediately attracted my ________. A 500­year­old book quietly ________ its golden letters. This book represents Harvard’s ________ as a guardian of, and contributor to, the long history of thought.

Harvard’s library is rather ________. One can hear the rustle of pens on paper as countless students study ________ inside it. For me, the library, as well as the courses, ________ Harvard’s place as the home of committed scholars.

【1】A.accepted B.recalled C.appreciated D.favored

【2】A.broadened B.limited C.improved D.satisfied

【3】A.challenges B.courses C.experiments D.routines

【4】A.attached B.attracted C.exposed D.devoted

【5】A.if B.while C.before D.though

【6】A.abandoned B.revised C.yellowed D.discovered

【7】A.view B.power C.effect D.existence

【8】A.disappointed B.amused C.delighted D.impressed

【9】A.just B.even C.again D.instead

【10】A.growth B.belief C.imagination D.knowledge

【11】A.trapped B.involved C.bathed D.absorbed

【12】A.satisfactory B.awesome C.plain D.comfortable

【13】A.successfully B.casually C.suddenly D.especially

【14】A.collecting B.researching C.introducing D.copying

【15】A.praise B.attention C.attempt D.care

【16】A.brought on B.applied to C.showed off D.set aside

【17】A.example B.department C.role D.scene

【18】A.holy B.silent C.famous D.superb

【19】A.attentively B.obviously C.generally D.freely

【20】A.elects B.expands C.appoints D.explains

33、   Alexis, 17, sat quietly in the passenger seat of her dad's car. She let her eyes lazily scan the landscape for wildlife. Then a deer came into _________ about 200 yards in front of them. It was a male deer with _________ antlers (角)on each side of its head.

As the car moved closer, Alexis heard a _________ and then saw the deer _________ a woman. Sue had been out for her morning run. The deer followed her and edged _________. “I knew I was in trouble, ” Sue says. She went to pick up a stick for _________, and the deer _________. It lifted her with its antlers and _________ her into the air. Sue could feel blood flew down her leg.

When Alexis and her father _________, the deer was throwing Sue like a doll. Alexis looked into the woman's __________ eyes, and __________ her father had even stopped the car, the teenager __________ quickly out of the car and ran toward the deer. “I was kicking it to get its __________,” she says. Then her father followed and pushed the deer away from the women.

Alexis helped Sue into the car. Then she heard her father shout __________ . He had been knocked to the ground. Alexis took hold of a hammer from the car to beat the deer's head and neck, but the blows didn't __________ it away. “I was losing faith,” she says. “A couple more __________, Alexis,” said her father. “You can do it. ”Turning the hammer around, Alexis __________ her eyes and beat the deer's neck with all her __________. When she opened her eyes, the deer was running away. Alexis got in the driver's seat and __________ toward the nearest hospital. After Sue was treated, she __________ thanked her rescuers.

A．force

B．view

C．play

D．existence

A．slim

B．smart

C．shallow

D．sharp

A．scream

B．secret

C．sigh

D．step

A．accessing

B．attracting

C．attacking

D．awaking

A．further

B．faster

C．deeper

D．closer

A．self - defense

B．self - study

C．self - control

D．self - awareness

A．broke

B．charged

C．faded

D．withdrew

A．allowed

B．defended

C．prevented

D．threw

A．pulled back

B．pulled away

C．pulled up

D．pulled out

A．terrified

B．astonished

C．thrilled

D．satisfied

A．after

B．until

C．before

D．when

A．slid

B．dived

C．rode

D．jumped

A．response

B．attention

C．treatment

D．behaviour

A．loudly

B．gently

C．patiently

D．slowly

A．take

B．put

C．scare

D．give

A．matches

B．strikes

C．choices

D．requests

A．widened

B．narrowed

C．rolled

D．closed

A．strength

B．pride

C．desire

D．relief

A．walked

B．fled

C．sped

D．returned

A．skillfully

B．tearfully

C．hopefully

D．bitterly

34、I have a muscle disease but I don't look any different from other people. Sometimes, I was too weak【1】 go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an【2】(absent), I felt stupid because I was behind the others.

My life is a lot easier at high school because few fellow students make me【3】(annoy). My ambition is to work for a firm【4】develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around【5】(feel) sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends. I spend a lot of time looking after my pets【6】(proper) but I find it worthwhile.

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more【7】 (independence). I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If【8】(have) a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun【9】them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live【10】rich and full a life as you do.

35、Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The Internet E-commerce and globalization are making a new economic age possible. In the future, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on 【1】 relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.

Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Internet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOs and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quiet 【2】.” They say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and friends-not to mention strangers. And what’s more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same technologies they are so 【3】 supporting.

The technological leader promised us that access would make life more convenient. Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to 【4】 us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be no easy 【5】.

If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast 【6】 land, the .com generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the 【7】 of all resources.

And while we have created every kind of labor-and time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than any other humans in history. Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connections really 【8】 in the e-economy age. If this new technology 【9】 is only about super efficiency, then we risk losing something even precious than time-our sense of what it means to be a(n) 【10】 human being.

36、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A tiger at the Bronx Zoo in New York City has tested positive for the respiratory disease caused by the novel coronavirus, becoming the first known case of human-animal 【1】, the zoo's chief veterinarian said on Sunday.

Nadia, the 4-year-old Malayan tiger that tested positive, was 【2】 for the COVID-19 disease after 【3】 a dry cough along with three other tigers and three lions, the Wildlife Conservation Society, which manages the zoo, said in a statement.

All of the cats are expected to recover, it said. But officials believe this is a unique case because Nadia became sick after 【4】 to an asymptomatic zoo employee, Paul Calle, chief veterinarian at the Bronx Zoo, told Reuters.

Calle said they did not know which employee infected the tiger. "This is the first time that we have discovered that a person infects the animal and the animal gets sick," Calle said, adding that they planned to share the findings with other zoos and institutions. " I guess 【5】 we will all have a better understanding as a result.

While the other tigers and lions were also 【6】 symptoms, the zoo decided to test only Nadia because she was the sickest and  had started to lose her appetite already, and they did not want to 【7】 all the cats to anesthesia(麻醉), Calle said.

Nadia 【8】 X-rays, an ultrasound(超声波) and blood tests to try to figure out what was making her sick . They decided to test for COVID-19 【9】 the surge in cases in New York City, the epicenter of the outbreak in the United States.The first tiger at the zoo, which has been shut since mid-March, began showing 【10】 of illness on March 27, according to the US Department of Agriculture National Veterinary Services Laboratories.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Anno对成都正在推广的垃圾分类政策很感兴趣，他想了解一下相关情况，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：

1.成都已经在今年3月1日正式实行垃圾分类；

2.简要介绍垃圾分类（厨余垃圾，可回收垃圾，有害垃圾和其他垃圾）；

3.你对该政策的看法。

参考词汇：垃圾分类 trash/waste/garbage sorting

有害垃圾  hazardous waste

厨余垃圾  kitchen waste

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

39、假如你是李华，新华学校学生会主席，近日你校收到美国友好交流学校Roger Manverz School学生会主席John的邮件，希望你校捐赠一批传统文化书籍，供该校对此有兴趣的同学阅读，请你代表学校给John回复一封邮件，邮件中需要包含以下内容：

1.自我介绍；

2.捐赠图书的具体信息；

3.询问对方的收件地址和联系信息。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear John,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

40、假定你是李华，你校计划在下周举办名为“中国文化周”的活动，就此请你用英语写封电子邮件给外教Steven，邀请他参加，内容包括：

1. 活动的时间和地点；

2. 活动的目的；

3. 活动的内容。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Steven,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、如今，网络不文明用语(uncivilized words)的现象越发严重，而且给现实社会和网络世界都造成了负面的影响，因此某报社就该现象向学生征文。

假定你是李华，请你就一下写作要点向该报社投稿。内容要点如下：

1.简要概括其现状及危害；

2.给出可行的建议。

注意：1.词数：100左右；

2.信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear editor,

I am Li Hua from Xinhua Middle School. I’m writing to

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua