攀枝花2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测三年级英语

1、Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware ________ prices.

A．in terms of

B．in addition to

C．regardless of

D．on account of

2、He________ the wall and just looked at everybody in the room.

A.loaded with B.lined up C.held back D.leaned against

3、The boy is _____ to win the match to be held next week.

A. possible B. likely

C. probable D. possibly

4、—— We shall take the condition _____you’ve attached to this project into careful consideration.

—— Thanks a lot.

A. where B. when C. which D. what

5、As days go on，I think that Beijing will become ________ the whole world pay close attention to.

A.where B.what C.which D.that

6、Mr. Zhou is strict_______his students in class but very kind_______them after class.

A. in; with B. with ;to C. with ;of D. in ;to

7、Please read the ______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.

A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions

8、Nowadays students go to key universities just for a formal ________，which may help them hunt for a good job in the future.

A．conservation

B．preparation

C．graduation

D．qualification

9、Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day to photograph ordinary people ________ the weather.

A．instead of

B．regardless of

C．owing to

D．thanks to

10、Her face _______ with pleasure when she heard the news that her son was admitted to Beijing University.

A.lit up B.let down C.came to life D.lived up to

11、Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham’s approach to life was ________.

A．associated

B．artificial

C．uncomplicated

D．desperate

12、_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change.

A.The Garden Party B.The Green Room C.To the Lighthouse D.Daisy Miller

13、The book _____ this week.

A. comes up B. comes about

C. comes out D. comes across

14、—Were you worried about your son last night?

—Yes. It was________that I went to bed.

A.until he returned B.until he did return

C.not until he returned D.not until did he return

15、Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is_____ as a source of fresh water.

A.invaluable B.accessible C.valuable D.reasonable

16、The desks and seats can be ____________ the height of any child.

A.adapted with B.adapted to C.adjusted with D.adjusted to

17、 I would appreciate ______, to be frank, if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.

A.you B.this C.it D.myself

18、________ the danger of drunk driving, the driver decided not to drive any more after drinking.

A．Aware for

B．Aware of

C．Aware about

D．Being aware that

19、Lewin was interested in taking research beyond books and looking at how it could ______ real social change.

A.bring up B.bring about C.bring in D.bring out

20、It's surprising that this innocent-looking person should have _____ such a crime.

A.committed B.acted C.made D.performed

21、It is clear that in modern society high ______ and demands are placed on students.

A.motivations B.expectations C.standards D.opportunities

22、The sales and marketing staff are now discussing ______their sales will be like for the coming months.

A.which B.what C.how D.when

23、 ______ the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers to express her thanks.

A．Surviving

B．To survive

C．Survived

D．Having survived

24、I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any________to me.

A.meaning B.importance C.sense D.significance

25、I’m not going to put myself _____ the bank.

A. at the mercy of B. apart from

C. all the time D. in the history of

26、Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium

Located in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, the all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and is really an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, it is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.

Opening Times

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 a.m. until 6:00 p.m. every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 p.m., one hour before closing.

Location

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.

Train to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.

Tram(有轨电车)

The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.

Shuttle Bus

The Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m..

Car Parking

While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.

Wheelchair Access

Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.

Terms

Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your tickets once payment has been accepted. Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!

【1】What do we know about Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium？

A．It has 12 the most attractive places in Melbourne.

B．It allows visitors to enter from 9:30 a.m. until 6:00 p.m.

C．It is opposite the Yarra River.

D．It is located at the center of the CBD in the city.

【2】What can visitors enjoy in Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium?

A．Free car parking.

B．Wheelchair access.

C．Internet connection.

D．Transportation service.

【3】Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _______ .

A．are free to all visitors

B．can be purchased by email

C．needn’t be checked at the entrance

D．can be emailed to you after purchase without delay.

27、   Most dog owners believe their dogs experience guilt, but animal behaviorists say the “guilty look” of a dog is simply a reaction to you and that dogs lack the ability to feel shame.

Alexandra Horowitz, a psychology professor and principal investigator at the Horowitz Dog Cognition Lab at Columbia University once carried out a study on dog “guilt”. She videotaped 14 dogs in a series of trials and observed how they reacted when their owners left the room after instructing them not to eat a treat. When the owner was gone, Horowitz gave some of the dogs the forbidden treat. Then she would tell the owners whether their dogs had eaten the treat or had behaved. However, Horowitz wasn’t always honest with them.

Horowitz found that the dogs’ “guilty looks” had little to do with whether they’d eaten the treat or not. In fact, dogs that hadn’t eaten it but were scolded by misinformed owners tended to exhibit the most elements of the “guilty look”.

Horowitz says this shows that the dogs’ body language is actually a response to their owner’s behavior---not an experience of shame for a misdeed. Why then, do dogs look so ashamed when we scold them?

Maybe that look of guilt is the result of a learned association. When you scold your dog for chewing up a pair of slippers, he quickly learns that if he lowers his head and tucks his tail, the undesirable response---raised voice and angry expression---is more likely to disappear.

【1】According to Horowitz, the dogs’ “guilty look” is _____.

A. the dogs’ nature. B. a reaction to people’s behavior.

C. a direct result of copying people’s behavior. D. a response to a shameful behavior.

【2】How was Horowitz’ study carried out？

A. By giving examples. B. By telling her experience.

C. By doing an experiment. D. By reasoning.

【3】What might be the most suitable title for the passage ？

A. The “Guilty Look” of the Dog B. Dog without the Sense of Guilt

C. Dogs’ Ability to Feel Shame D. The Study on Dogs

【4】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that dogs were ______.

A. born with the look of guilt B. born with the ability to feel guilty

C. so smart to copy people’s behavior D. so smart to adjust its behavior

28、   A little more than 30 years ago, a teenager named Jadav “ Molai” Payeng began burying seeds along a barren sandbar(沙洲)near his birthplace in northern India’s Assam. Not long after that, he decided to dedicate(献身) his life to this effort, so he moved to the site in order that he could work full-time creating a new forest ecosystem. Unbelievably, the spot today hosts a sprawling(蔓延的) 1360 acres of jungle that Payeng single-handedly planted.

The Times of India recently caught up with Payeng in his remote forest cottage to learn more about how he came to leave such an unbelievable mark on the landscape.

It all started way back in 1979, when floods washed a large number of snakes ashore on the sandbar. One day after the floods, Payeng, only 16 then, found the place dotted with the dead snakes. That was the turning point of his life.

“The snakes died in the heat without any tree cover. I sat down and wept over their lifeless bodies. I asked the forest department if they could grow trees there. They said nothing would grow there. Instead, they asked me to try growing bamboo. It was painful, but I did it .There was nobody to help me. Nobody was interested,” says Payeng, now 47.

While it’s taken years for Payeng’s remarkable dedication to planting to receive some well-deserved recognition internationally, it didn’t take long for wildlife in the region to benefit from the forest. Demonstrating a keen understanding of ecological balance, Payeng even transplanted ants to his ecosystem to maintain its natural harmony .Soon the shadeless sandbar was transformed into a natural ecosystem. The forest, called the Molai woods, now serves as a safe habitat for numerous birds, deer, rhinos, tigers and elephants.

Despite Payeng’s outstanding project, forestry officials in the region first learned of this new forest in 2008, and since then they’ve come to recognize his efforts as truly remarkable, but perhaps not enough.

“We’re amazed at Payeng,” says Gunin Saikia, Assistant Conservator of Forests. “He has been at it for 30 years .Had he been in any other country, he would have been made a hero.”

【1】Payeng moved to the barren sandbar to ________________.

A.make a living there B.plant trees to improve the environment

C.do some research D.look after the 1360 acres’ jungle

【2】It can be concluded that the interview in the report above was conducted in _________.

A.1979 B.2008 C.2010 D.2012

【3】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Payeng got a lot of help from the forest department at the beginning.

B.It took quite a long time for Payeng’s dedication to be recognized.

C.Payeng earned his fame by transplanting ants to his ecosystem.

D.The Molai woods now is used as a zoo to attract Indian tourists.

【4】The underlined sentence implies that _______________.

A.Payeng should be honored as a great hero in India

B.Payeng has been a great hero in other countries

C.other countries should not make Payeng a hero

D.India made Payeng a hero earlier than other countries

29、   Scientists believe they could bring the likes of dodos(渡渡鸟)back from the dead through cloning experiments in the near future which could see the flightless birds revived from their extinction.

The big bird, which was about a metre tall and weighed up to 18 kilograms, was native to Mauritius but became extinct in the 1600s, shortly after humans discovered the island. However, 400 years later, scientists now believe that they could bring the dodo back to life through cloning of some of its closest living relatives.

Scientists recently published a paper which identified the overall genomic structure of dinosaurs. The team achieved this by tracing the ancestors (祖先)of birds — the dinosaurs closest living relatives — to create the genomic structure. Researchers involved in the study say it is an emphatic ‘no’ when it comes to the possibility of ever being able to clone dinosaurs, but they do say that more recently extinct birds like the carrier pigeon and the dodo could be brought back due to the fact that they have such close living relatives.

University of Kent scientists Darren Griffin and Rebecca O’Connor wrote in an article for The Conversation: “We discovered that birds and most flightless dinosaurs had a lot of chromosomes (packages of DNA). Having so many allows animals to generate variation, the driver of natural selection.”

“However, though it is a long shot, it may be possible in future to use Jurassic Park technology to help avoid some of the harm that humans have caused. Mankind has seen the extinction of well-known avian dinosaurs such as the dodo and the passenger pigeon.”

“Recovery(恢复)of DNA that is a only few hundred years old from these birds is a far more realistic way. It may also be that eggs from closely related living species might just be good enough. In the right conditions we may be able to use them to resurrect some of these species from extinction.”

【1】What can we learn about dodos?

A.They flew to Mauritius in the 1600s. B.They could be used to clone pigeons.

C.They would die out in the near future. D.They might be brought back to life soon.

【2】How do scientists revive dodos?

A.They clone dodos’ closest living relatives. B.They trace those endangered birds closely.

C.They look for dinosaurs’ living conditions. D.They identify genomic structure of pigeons.

【3】What does the underlined word “resurrect” in the last paragraph mean?

A.Learn. B.Protect.

C.Revive. D.Prevent.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Scientists Expect to Clone the Dodos. B.Scientists Find Close Living Relatives.

C.Dinosaurs Have Already Been Extinct. D.Some Species Have Been Discovered.

30、Hunter Shamatt lost his wallet while he was on a flight from Omaha to Denver earlier this month. Upon realizing that his wallet was lost, he ______ the airline to see if anyone had turned it in — but fruitlessly. _______the wallet contained his ID, a signed paycheck, $60 in cash , etc, he feared the worst.

Two days after the flight, however, Hunter was ______ to receive a package in the mail from an anonymous (匿名的) sender. Inside was his wallet — ______ an additional $40 in cash. “I rounded your cash up to an even $100 so you could celebrate the ______ of your wallet.”, read a letter that was enclosed with the package.

Hunter’s mother, Jeannie, posted a photo of the ______ to social media in hopes that they would be able to track down the sender. All they had to go on was that the letter was ______ from Applied Underwriters in Omaha and the sender’s initials were signed “T.B”. The sender was later ______ as Todd Brown, who was delighted to “have a little fun” with helping out a hard-working stranger.

“I saw he was just a kid, 20 years old. He had a paycheck in there, so I _______, ‘Well, he’s doing his best to make ends meet.’ ” said Brown. “Hunter was very ______. He told me he has some student loans to pay within two days so the ______ was right,” Brown added, “He ______ it was gone forever. So when he opened it, he just started screaming, ‘No way! No way!’”

Brown says that he often tries to do good things without any recognition; that’s why he didn’t sign his _______on the letter, but Jeannie later insisted on ______ him on social media. Jeannie wrote on Facebook, “This story is more about rebuilding ______ in people than anything.”

【1】

A．ordered

B．contacted

C．caught

D．checked

【2】

A．Though

B．While

C．Since

D．Unless

【3】

A．shocked

B．amused

C．anxious

D．frightened

【4】

A．apart from

B．except for

C．along with

D．instead of

【5】

A．search

B．completeness

C．valuable

D．return

【6】

A．sender

B．letter

C．wallet

D．package

【7】

A．accepted

B．sent

C．taken

D．collected

【8】

A．known

B．considered

C．identified

D．introduced

【9】

A．noticed

B．replied

C．doubted

D．figured.

【10】

A．thankful

B．stressful

C．thoughtful

D．regretful

【11】

A．behavior

B．number

C．timing

D．paycheck

【12】

A．remembered

B．assumed

C．admitted

D．imagined

【13】

A．address

B．mark

C．phone number

D．full name

【14】

A．questioning

B．praising

C．disturbing

D．surprising

【15】

A．faith

B．ambition

C．appreciation

D．strength

31、I was catching a flight from Calcutta to Madras and had arrived at the airport rather early. I had always thought of airports as _________ places until I saw a young couple sitting a few seats away from me, and _________ the woman was crying. I realized that though airports were places of delightful _________, they could also be about difficult departure.

The young man who looked obviously connected to the woman didn’t even try to _________ her. After a certain amount of _________, I walked over with a Smile Stone—a small marble with a smile _________ on it—in my hand and said, “Excuse me, can I give this to you?” And I held out one of the sky-blue Smile Stones. Tears filled _________ eyes. “Why?” she wanted to know. “To make you smile.” She took it quickly and _________ a quick, grateful smile.

Later as my bag was going through the security _________, a uniformed, unsmiling young lady pulled my backpack onto aside table and started unceremoniously (毫不客气地) unzipping (拉开拉链) its various sections and ____________ the contents in the mildly aggressive ____________ that airport security staff sometimes have. When she put her ____________ quickly into the front pocket, she came up with a handful of smile stones—they smiled at her ____________ and her face gently broke into a smile. The whole ____________ of her interaction with my backpack and with me shifted in that second. I pulled out one of the smilestones and said, “This is for you, to ____________ you to keep smiling.”

【1】

A．public

B．painful

C．happy

D．social

【2】

A．noticed

B．knew

C．learned

D．imagined

【3】

A．travel

B．arrival

C．work

D．relaxation

【4】

A．accompany

B．consult

C．convince

D．comfort

【5】

A．delay

B．effort

C．caution

D．hesitation

【6】

A．pinned

B．drawn

C．fastened

D．fixed

【7】

A．puzzled

B．excited

C．scared

D．embarrassed

【8】

A．flashed

B．forced

C．hid

D．kept

【9】

A．challenge

B．protection

C．check

D．service

【10】

A．packing up

B．referring to

C．looking through

D．sorting out

【11】

A．form

B．manner

C．spirit

D．voice

【12】

A．uniform

B．hand

C．head

D．wallet

【13】

A．shyly

B．eagerly

C．bravely

D．cheerfully

【14】

A．situation

B．climate

C．environment

D．atmosphere

【15】

A．urge

B．warn

C．remind

D．persuade

32、The banjo（班卓琴）is an American instrument. It was introduced to the United States by African slaves and then was_________by people of the south to create their country music.

“The banjo was made by both black and white_________that came together to produce this instrument.”That is Christian Stanfield, who with Tom George has made the complex art of banjo making their_________project.

It began decades ago when Stanfield moved from Washington, D.C. to Memphis, Tennessee.He went to a dance party where he_________the banjo and fell in love.

“I really wanted to learn that new instrument, so I_________a banjo from a banjo player for two or three months. When I was_________to get a banjo of my own, he_________George to me. He insisted I find a guy who builds the banjo instead of buying it on the Internet or at the store!"

That man was Tom George—one of the best-known banjo_________in the US. He knows a_________banjo-lover when he sees one. So,when Stanfield__________to become his student,George agreed__________,He taught Stanfield his banjo-making__________. Tom George, however,did not have a __________.He taught himself how to build banios，

“at present,George and Stanfield__________a banjo-making workshop, an hour's drive from Memphis, Tennessee. Visitors can__________their shop and see the hundreds of small__________that all come together to make the__________banjo. The two men make everything by hand, so it is not__________ that it takes around 4 to 6 months to make one banjo.

After the banjo is completed, Tom George__________wipes it clean. And then the team can do the other thing they love to do—__________the banjo.

【1】

A．accumulated

B．resisted

C．united

D．adopted

【2】

A．beliefs

B．histories

C．cultures

D．conventions

【3】

A．lifetime

B．severe

C．abnormal

D．absent

【4】

A．reserved

B．heard

C．built

D．cast

【5】

A．won

B．borrowed

C．seized

D．bought

【6】

A．generous

B．dependent

C．ready

D．clever

【7】

A．passed

B．brought

C．recommended

D．dragged

【8】

A．participants

B．applicants

C．sellers

D．makers

【9】

A．true

B．skilled

C．gifted

D．proper

【10】

A．asked

B．had

C．intended

D．started

【11】

A．gradually

B．in vain

C．directly

D．by coincidence

【12】

A．remarks

B．themes

C．trends

D．secrets

【13】

A．teacher

B．student

C．consumer

D．sponsor

【14】

A．take in

B．own

C．demand

D．touch on

【15】

A．obtain

B．transform

C．manage

D．tour

【16】

A．patterns

B．roles

C．parts

D．roots

【17】

A．broken

B．expensive

C．ordinary

D．finished

【18】

A．surprising

B．apparent

C．natural

D．embarrassing

【19】

A．calmly

B．curiously

C．carefully

D．casually

【20】

A．seek

B．play

C．select

D．produce

33、   His palms were sweating. The sun was as hot as the_____he faced today at the National Junior Olympics. The pole was______at 17 feet, three inches higher than his personal best. Michael Stone faced the most______day of his pole- vaulting(撑杆跳) career.

In his childhood, he used to have dreams about flying,______he would be running down a country road, racing between golden wheat fields. At one point, he would take a______and then lift ______the ground, soaring like an eagle. This______about flying was put to______training by Michael's father and coach ,who_____hard work and sweat. If you want something, work for it.

All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. a______would get him second place, but Michael would not allow himself the______of not winning.

He knew it was time for his_____ jump. Having_____off the tension from his legs, he began to stretch out his arms and upper body. He carefully picked up his pole, his heart beating ____.The running track______him felt like the country road he used to dream about. Visions of the golden wheat fields______his thoughts. The air around him was the purest and freshest he had ever______. Michael was soaring like an eagle in his dreams

Lying on his back with that wonderful hot sun on his face. he______he could see in his mind's eye the______on his mother's face. He knew his dad was probably smiling too,_____laughing. With all the media attention, Michael’s life would never be the same. It wasn’t just because he set a new world record. It was simply because Michael Stone is blind.

【1】A. examination B. competition C. struggle D. debate

【2】A. set B. broken C. kept D. designed

【3】A. energetic B. attractive C. difficult D. interesting

【4】A. what B. how C. which D. where

【5】A. breath B. rest C. walk D. look

【6】A. against B. to C. on D. off

【7】A. hope B. imagination C. dream D. wish

【8】A. strict B. occassional C. basic D. mental

【9】A. took over B. believed in C. called off D. turned on

【10】A. run B. miss C. step D. push

【11】A. thought B. goal C. mind D. opinion

【12】A. another B. first C. next D. final

【13】A. put B. given C. shaken D. cut

【14】A. regularly B. wildly C. suddenly D. normal

【15】A. above B. beside C. below D. within

【16】A. shaped B. confused C. filled D. attracted

【17】A. seen B. tasted C. noticed D. sensed

【18】A. said B. knew C. predicted D. understood

【19】A. tears B. sweat C. sadness D. smile

【20】A. even B. or C. still D. yet

34、I have a muscle disease but I don't look any different from other people. Sometimes, I was too weak【1】 go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an【2】(absent), I felt stupid because I was behind the others.

My life is a lot easier at high school because few fellow students make me【3】(annoy). My ambition is to work for a firm【4】develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around【5】(feel) sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends. I spend a lot of time looking after my pets【6】(proper) but I find it worthwhile.

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more【7】 (independence). I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If【8】(have) a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun【9】them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live【10】rich and full a life as you do.

35、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

The expression “to be in hot water” is one of them. It is a very old expression, which can be 【1】 back to 500 years ago. The expression is used to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.

Being in “deep water” is almost the same as being in “hot water”. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult 【2】. Imagine a person who cannot swim being thrown in water over his head. You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks in complete 【3】 of the stock market.

"Water over the dam" is another expression about a past event. It is something that cannot be 【4】. The expression comes from the idea that water that has 【5】 a dam cannot be brought back again. When a friend is 【6】 by a mistake she has made, you might tell her to forget about it. You say it is water over the dam.

Another common expression, "to hold water," is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. It probably comes from the way of testing the 【7】 of a container. If it can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your 【8】 can hold water, it is strong and does not have any holes. If it does not hold water, then it is weak and can not be 【9】.

"Throwing cold water" also is an expression that deals with an idea or 【10】. For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But you wife "throws cold water" on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much

36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

37、A: Excuse me, do you know where the chemistry lab is?

B: Yes. It’s just on the fifth floor of this b【1】.

A: How often do you do c【2】experiments there?

B: Twice a week.

A: Can you go there without a t【3】?

B: No. That’s not allowed.

A: What does the teacher often tell you to do when you are doing an e【4】?

B: He often tells us to look c【5】and follow the i【6】.

A: What will you do when you finish the experiment?

B: We must put e【7】back in the cupboards and wash our hands.

A: Right. It is very i【8】to keep the lab clean.

B: Yes, safe as well. We must turn off the e【9】before l【10】the lab.

38、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为150左右。

Snow began to fall across the Apennines Mountain in January and lasted for days. From his home in the suburbs, Matrone watched the weather with concern. He and his wife, Cicioni, had planned an overnight getaway to the hotel halfway up the mountain. But now he wondered whether they should go. After phoning the hotel, they decided to make the trip. When they finally arrived six hours later, they were both cold and exhausted. They checked into their room and went to bed early.

As they awoke the next day, they discovered that their difficulty had worsened overnight. The cars in the parking lot were invisible. The phone and power lines were down. Many people were digging their cars.

With a dozen vehicles freed by noon, the guests set off down the driveway. But when they reached the main road, the path was blocked by a six-foot-high wall of snow. Matrone climbed out of his car and there was no road in sight. “We're trapped! he told his wife. So they had no choice but to make their way back to the hotel.

As it was getting dark, they managed to be back. That was when the snow on the mountain began to slide. They heard the avalanche（雪崩）before they saw it. The avalanche gathered speed and size, grabbing anything in its way down the mountain and tearing the hotel from its foundation. When the avalanche came to a stop, those caught inside the hotel were left buried in the icy rocks and ruins.

注意：续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1

When Matrone came to himself, he was stuck in the darkness. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2

It was not until the next morning that the rescuers finally arrived.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

39、假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Gary即将回国，他想送给母亲可以代表中国文化的礼物。请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐一个或两个礼物。内容包括:

1. 推荐礼物；

2. 推荐理由。

注意:

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

40、假定你是李华，你的伯父退休后想从国外回到中国的老家定居，请你给他写封邮件介绍你的老家近几年的变化。要点如下：

1.环境变化；2.生活变化；3.其他变化。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Uncle,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、假定你是李华，不慎遗失了从英国交换生Henry处借阅的小说The Steamboat，请用英语给他写一封信件。内容包括：

1. 表达歉意；

2. 解释原因；

3. 弥补措施。

注意：1. 词数100左右； 

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 格式已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Henry,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua