石家庄2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测三年级英语

1、After graduation, Jane_________ her job as a volunteer teacher in the countryside.

A.set out B.set up C.took up D.took over

2、The judge reminded the witness that he had to ____ the truth of what he had said.

A.prepare for B.answer for C.search for D.vote for

3、__ the original purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its significance is more about postal culture.

A.Once B.While C.As D.If

4、—So you didn’t say hello to him last night?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he ________ me and walked on with his head very high.

A.ignored B.refused C.recognized D.missed

5、No sooner ________ home ________ I told him the exciting news.

A．had he got; when

B．had he got; than

C．he had got; when

D．he had got; than

6、Since the new drug was needed for World War Ⅱ, the government approval process for penicillin was ________, and mass production began in 1944

A.possessed B.wound C.accelerated D.opposed

7、—Who is it up to _____ when the ceremony will be started?

—The headmaster, of course.

A. decide on B. deciding on C. to decide on D. to deciding on

8、Balance in the body was said to be at the heart of _________ made traditional Chinese therapy so effective.

A.which B.that C.who D.what

9、______ the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctica Circle, ______he never saw land.

A.Until, while B.Since, and C.Not until, but D.Although, yet

10、I assisted him to check all the story books ____ to the Hongshan Primary School next week.

A.sent B.sending C.to be sent D.being sent

11、______ it is to have a cool drink after an ______ game.

A. How fun; exhausting B. What fun; exhausted

C. What fun; exhausting D. How fun; exhausted

12、In the _______ of proof, the police could not take action against the man.

A．lack

B．shortage

C．absence

D．failure

13、_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change.

A.The Garden Party B.The Green Room C.To the Lighthouse D.Daisy Miller

14、She ________ Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.

A．picked out.

B．made out

C．made up

D．picked up

15、In order to find something to eat and drink, Mr. Smith opened Meituan App and Baidu map, which showed how shops and restaurants were _________ in the city.

A. distributed B. broadcast

C. spread D. contributed

16、________ on a famous novel, the TV play presents a colorful picture of the 196os’ China to the viewers.

A.Basing B.Based C.To base D.Being based

17、It’s surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly---he hasn’t lived there very long.

A．pick out

B．pick up

C．bring up

D．build up

18、The event has not only increased public________of world hunger, but raised a lot of money for the poor children.

A.direction B.contribution C.awareness D.loneliness

19、As days go on，I think that Beijing will become ________ the whole world pay close attention to.

A.where B.what C.which D.that

20、With mountains of work to do, we should make a list first and ____________ the urgent ones.

A. burst B. urge

C. prioritize D. defend

21、Reading light fiction, going out to see a romantic comedy, or sharing a pleasant time with friends is not ________ my bad feelings now.

A. in tune with B. in touch with C. in honour of D. in defence of

22、After he retired from office, Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

A．took up

B．saved up

C．kept up

D．drew up

23、I recommend ____ an English-Chinese dictionary, which will be of great help to your studies.

A．buying

B．to buy

C．being bought

D．to be bought

24、Throughout the last decade, more parks _____ with the goal of creating natural settings in urban environments.

A.linked up B.swelled up C.split up D.sprang up

25、Which of the following sentences is WRONG?

A.There was a time when I hated going to school.

B.It is the first time that the girl has seen such an animal.

C.It is high time that we took some measures to deal with it.

D.Every time when we stopped,everybody would stare at us.

26、

China has recently been faced with serious issues of product safety. In Panama，it is said that medicine made with a poisonous chemical sickened some people.A Chinese company had identified it as diethylamide glycol(乙二醇)，a lowcost substitute commonly used in automobile antifreeze(防冻剂)．

Some countries have banned Chinese­made toothpaste containing diethylamide glycol. China has now told companies to discontinue its use，even though it says the toothpaste is safe. Another industrial chemical，melamine，was found in wheat flour used to make pet food in North America.

Thousands of dogs and cats became sick.

The United States has restricted some imports of Chinese seafood because they contained banned substance. And questions have been raised about other products，including children's toys covered with lead paint.

Chinese officials promised to provide the European Union，the biggest trading partner，with detailed reports on enforcement efforts against unsafe goods.

Meglena Kuneva，commissioner(理事) for consumer protection of the European Union said China should have kept its promise.

China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare. And it dismissed the former head of its food and drug administration. He was found guilty of corruption(腐败)for approving unsafe drugs. This week，a conference of the State Council approved a proposed special measure on the supervision of food safety. The Xinhua News Agency said it calls for stronger controls over producers，greater responsibilities for government and more serious punishment for illegal activities.

But Chinese officials have accused some foreign media of overstating problems with goods made in China. They say food imports from the United States also fail inspection sometimes. Next week，American and Chinese food safety officials are planning to hold 5 days of meetings in Beijing to discuss cooperation.

【1】How many cases with safety problems are mentioned in the passage?

A．Six. B．Five.  C．Four. D．Three.

【2】How was Panama case dealt with afterwards?

A．Three companies linked to it were closed down.

B．The former head of food and drug administration was removed from his position.

C．More serious punishment was conducted for leaders linked to it.

D．Both A and B.

【3】It can be implied but not clearly stated that________.

A．Chinese­made toothpaste is safe

B．the safety of “Made in China” is doubted

C．there are safety problems with one more Chinese products

D．stronger control over Chinese products is in need

【4】The passage is mainly about________.

A．China is facing product safety problems

B．more controls are taken of Chinese goods

C．overstated problems with Chinese goods

D．China is losing its trade partners

27、If I could give today’s young people three wishes, they would be: More hugs. More time outside in nature. More belief in their own power to change the world. While most people understand the importance of the first two wishes, the third one leaves some folks wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential.

Let’s start with the idea that all of us--especially young people--need heroes. We need them to be our guides on the difficult trail(足迹)we call life and to show us just how far we can go. And we need heroes today more than ever. Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero. And the difference: is vital. A celebrity is all about fame(名望)--temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move. A hero, by contrast, is about character--qualities under the surface that aren’t visible until they take action.

Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help. In so many ways, these unsung heroes pilot the boat in which all of us sail.

Yet, young people hear a lot more about celebrities than about heroes in the media. The hidden message they get from all this is that their self-worth comes from what they buy--which shoes, which cell phone--not who they are down inside. What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities--their own power to make a positive difference in the world. Truth is, there is a potential hero, a future difference maker, in every young person. Each of them, from whatever background, is a positive force who can do something. All it takes for that to be true is belief.

How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples, of other young people who have made a difference.

Ryan, age 11, has worked tirelessly to raise money to provide clean drinking water to African villages. When he first heard about the plight(困苦)of African children who died from impure water, Ryan was only six years old. In the next five years, he raised over $500,000--enough to build over 70 water wells.

Barbara, age 17, grew up on a farm in Texas. When she realized that local farmers were pouring their used motor oil into rivers, causing pollution, she organized the creation of a recycling center for crude(未加提炼的)oil. Her project has grown to include18 recycling centers in Texas.

The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.

【1】What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 2?

A．To give examples of celebrities and heroes around us.

B．To discuss the differences between celebrities and heroes.

C．To provide definitions of the words “celebrity” and “hero”.

D．To explain the details about being celebrities and heroes.

【2】What could be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A．Heroes make the world go round.

B．Heroes must believe in themselves.

C．Heroes focus on social welfare programs.

D．Heroes promote cooperation between people.

【3】What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A．Heroes and celebrities are both valued today.

B．Society doesn’t support the development of heroes.

C．The media turn ordinary celebrities into real heroes.

D．Young people don’t have the belief in their own strength.

【4】How does the author advance his view that young people have the potential to be a hero?

A．By defining the qualities that make a young person a hero.

B．By contrasting the achievements made by different young people.

C．By giving examples of young people who show the qualities of a hero.

D．By providing examples of qualities that have made young people famous.

【5】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．More heroes are needed in the world.

B．Celebrities are reported too much in the media.

C．Adults should become role models for young people.

D．Young people should believe in their ability to make a difference.

28、   Notre-Dame de Paris, a cathedral church in Paris, is the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages. For the French, it represents something immortal, ever-present and unchanging, like a mountain. Built over almost two centuries, the Notre-Dame is, as President Emmanuel Macron said, “where the French lived all their great moments”. Soldiers prayed here before leaving for the Crusades; Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned here; it survived the French Revolution, two World Wars and the Nazi occupation. It is where men bend their knees to profess love and thousands of tourists take photos every day.

A fire, whose cause was not identified yet, engulfed (吞没), on April 15th, the cathedral's upper structure. More than 400 firefighters took part in the 15-hour battle to control the blaze (火苗) that triggered sorrow over the globe. The extent of the damage is still unknown, but the fire destroyed much of the gothic cathedral’s wood-timbered roof and spire (塔尖). The cathedral will certainly be restored (the French government promises), but the sight of flames bringing down the spire moved the world in a manner far exceeding its religious significance.

French Culture Minister Franck Riester on Thursday said the government would draw all the consequences from the huge flames that destroyed the centuries-old Notre Dame Cathedral, adding measures to protect the national heritage were on the table. “Staff from the fire department, the culture ministry and the city town hall rushed to the Cathedral, when the fire started, to protect the main artworks that were inside. The artworks, which include relics such as the Christ's crown of thorns and French king Saint-Louis's 13th century tunic, were first moved to the city town hall and will now be transferred to the nearby Louvre Museum .” the minister told Le Parisian newspaper in an interview without giving details on the possible measures.

【1】What can we learn about the Notre-Dame de Paris?

A.It is the most well-known cathedral. B.Most of the French think little of it.

C.It was built by Napoleon Bonaparte. D.It’s still in existence after two World Wars.

【2】What is true about the Cathedral in the accident?

A.Only the spire was brought down by the flames.

B.It was completely burnt in the fire.

C.The gilded crown of thorns in it was gone forever.

D.The cause of the accident to the Cathedral was still unknown.

【3】According to Franck Riester, what has already done by the government?

A.Rebuild the cathedral.

B.Rescue the artworks inside the cathedral.

C.Transfer the relics to the nearby Louvre Museum.

D.Release the cause of the fire to the public.

29、   Every day, in all kinds of weather, thousands of men and women jog. 【1】 Most joggers begin because they hear it is a very good exercise. Jogging makes the heart stronger and helps people lose weight. It can also help them feel better about themselves.

Donald Robbins, who is forty-two years old and works in an office, began jogging a few years ago because he felt he was too fat. At first, he could only run about 100 yards. It took him three months to be able to run a mile. 【2】 Many joggers, like Donald Robbins, feel that if they can succeed in jogging, they can succeed at other things also, and quite often this feeling helps them at their jobs.

Should you jog too? 【3】 Jogging may be too much exercise for you.

Does jogging cost much? No, it costs almost nothing. But it is very important to have a good pair of shoes that are made especially for jogging. 【4】

How fast should you go? Jog with a friend and talk to each other as you run. If you have difficulty in talking, you’re going too fast.

【5】 Remember not to go too far too soon. In fact, you should walk, not run, the first few times. Then do some short jogs, but no more than what you can do comfortably. After that, increase your distance a quarter or half mile every two weeks or so. Maybe in a few years, you can run in a marathon too. Thousands of people do.

A.How far should you jog?

B.Jogging can aid weight loss.

C.Why has jogging-running become so popular?

D.If you do, be sure to ask your doctor for advice.

E.It is a popular physical activity that can keep you fit.

F.But two years later, he ran in a marathon race over twenty-six miles.

G.They protect your feet and legs from the shock of running on hard surface.

30、Luke is a cute dog, living together with me for five years. We get lots of   _________   in our area during the summer season. Many forests are badly _________ by fire each year. That hot summer, not far from our shelter, a forest   _________ fire. It was July, and there had been a heat wave going on for three days.

Somehow, Luke rushed toward the forest. There was no longer any hope at that moment to wait for Luke to come back to the _______. In fact, I was waiting for firefighters to tell me that he had _______ in the forest. Suddenly, a fireman burst into my office and     _______     me that Luke had succeeded in saving four kittens who had been _______by the flames. I _______   accompanied the fireman to the forest to get him back. _______ we got to the scene of the incident, we didn’t see Luke. Then we heard the   ________ of a dog barking in the forest. I ________the barks as Luke’s. The firemen ________ the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured ________. Thanks to Luke, four kittens and a fireman were saved. This true story shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and ________them. Little animals can do     ________     things for humans.

【1】

A．rain

B．sun

C．noise

D．fires

【2】

A．damaged

B．removed

C．changed

D．treated

【3】

A．made

B．caught

C．set

D．burned

【4】

A．forest

B．house

C．area

D．shelter

【5】

A．lost

B．died

C．appeared

D．remained

【6】

A．warned

B．reminded

C．informed

D．promised

【7】

A．buried

B．trapped

C．controlled

D．swallowed

【8】

A．immediately

B．slightly

C．approximately

D．particularly

【9】

A．Since

B．Unless

C．When

D．Until

【10】

A．call

B．shout

C．voice

D．sound

【11】

A．understood

B．recognized

C．treated

D．realized

【12】

A．recorded

B．noticed

C．followed

D．wanted

【13】

A．fireman

B．doctor

C．farmer

D．teacher

【14】

A．save

B．raise

C．protect

D．hate

【15】

A．fun

B．enormous

C．little

D．risky

31、   I was at the post office early that morning, hoping to be in and out in a short while. Yet, I______ myself standing in a queue that went all the way into the hallway. I had never seen so many people there on a weekday. It seemed someone might have made an announcement, welcoming customers to carry as many ______ as they could and bring them in when I needed to have my own package ______. The queue moved very slowly. My patience ran out and I got______. The longer it took, the angrier I became. When I got to the counter finally, I finished my______quickly and briefly, and then walked past the queue that was now extending past the front door.

“Excuse me,” I said, trying not to be too pushy. Several people had to move ______ to make room for me to get to the ______.

I stepped out, complaining about the ______ conditions. Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment, I headed into the parking lot.

A woman was coming across the lot in my ______. She was walking with determination, and each step sounded very heavy. I ______ that she looked as if she could breathe fire. It stopped me in my tracks. I ______ myself and it wasn't pretty. Had I looked like that? Her body language said that she was having a ______ day. My anger melted away. I wished I could wrap her in a hug but I was a______. So I did what I could in a minute______ she hurried past me－I smiled. In a second everything changed. She was astonished, then somewhat ______.Then her face softened and her shoulders______. I saw her take a deep breath. Her pace slowed and she smiled back at me as we passed each other. I continued to smile all the way to my ______. Wow, it's amazing what a simple smile can do.

From then on, I became aware of people's ______ and my own, the way we show our feelings. Now I use that ______ every day to let it ______ me that when facing the world, I can try a smile.

【1】A. found B. helped C. troubled D. enjoyed

【2】A. possessions B. packages C. chances D. dollars

【3】A. lifted B. cashed C. weighed D. carried

【4】A. pleased B. disappointed C. delighted D. annoyed

【5】A. business B. choice C. situation D. attitude

【6】A. away B. about C. along D. aside

【7】A. counter B. cashier C. exit D. entrance

【8】A. weather B. service C. work D. purchase

【9】A. satisfaction B. decision C. direction D. imagination

【10】A. announced B. discovered C. proved D. noticed

【11】A. trusted B. recognized C. hid D. persuaded

【12】A. rough B. bright C. big D. nice

【13】A. gentleman B. stranger C. customer D. passenger

【14】A. until B. though C. before D. since

【15】A. attracted B. frightened C. excited D. confused

【16】A. trembled B. raised C. relaxed D. tightened

【17】A. car B. office C. home D. doctor

【18】A. appearances B. reactions C. conversations D. expressions

【19】A. treatment B. awareness C. conclusion D. achievement

【20】A. remind B. show C. give D. tell

32、Ma Li is a dessert shop owner in Yinchuan, Ningxia. On a cool morning, she received an online _______, but it took an hour for her to wait for the deliveryman (外卖送餐员).

When the deliveryman came, Ma was a little _______. “It is too cold outside and my motorbike didn’t work,” explained the deliveryman. After she heard his words, her anger was _______. She invited him to sit for a while and offered him a cup of hot water.

At that moment, Ma noticed the deliveryman’s face and hands were dark purple _______ he was working outside for too long. She felt sorry for him. While they were talking, Ma knew that the deliveryman wanted to buy her daughter a _______, but he thought it was a little expensive.

After the deliveryman left, Ma _______ what happened just now on her WeChat Moments (微信朋友圈) with two photos of the deliveryman.

Heartwarming comments (评论) poured in, such as “life is not easy but _______ of us give up!”, “Thumbs up(点赞)for hard-working people” and “Showing understanding to deliverymen.” Some _______ offered money for a cake.

The next day, Ma got in touch with the deliveryman and invited him to her shop. When they met, Ma expressed people’s kindness to him and gave him a cake for his daughter’s birthday. The deliveryman was _______.

Ma received more than 600 yuan in donations ________ her friends and customers. She said she would use the money to offer some help to people in need.

【1】

A．gift

B．invitation

C．ticket

D．order

【2】

A．excited

B．angry

C．happy

D．sad

【3】

A．lost

B．stopped

C．gone

D．broken

【4】

A．though

B．so

C．when

D．because

【5】

A．birthday cake

B．schoolbag

C．new coat

D．computer

【6】

A．shared

B．remembered

C．found

D．heard

【7】

A．all

B．none

C．most

D．each

【8】

A．hardly

B．never

C．even

D．ever

【9】

A．thankful

B．careful

C．helpful

D．wonderful

【10】

A．to

B．for

C．with

D．from

33、   Oscar, a two year old cat, lives in a nursing home, where people stay when they are very ill or at the end of their lives. Every day, Oscar ______ in and out of the patients’ rooms. The nurses say that he is just like a ______. He looks at each patient and ______. Then he usually leaves the room. ______, when Oscar decides to stay and gets on the bed next to the patient, the nurses ______ the doctor and the patient’s family. According to the nurses, Oscar has accurately ______ the death of 25 patients so far.

Oscar’s story is just a story. ______ has done research to ______ how accurate Oscar really is. However, two research studies have found that some dogs can ______ cancer.

In the first study, cancer patients ______ into tubes. Researchers then ______ five dogs to sit or lie down ______ they smelled the breath samples with cancer. Next came the ______ test. The dogs smelled more than 150 different breath samples. On average, they ______ 93 percent of the cancer samples.

In the second study, several dogs identified a sample that the researchers ______ was cancer-free. The researchers sent it back for more lab tests. This time, the tests showed that the sample ______ did show signs of cancer. The dogs identified cancer that the first tests ______!

What makes dogs a species of animal that is so ______ detecting cancer? Diseases such as cancer produce smells. Dogs can ______ as much as 10,000 times better than people.

Will a visit to the doctor soon include a sniff from a friendly animal? Some people think this is not a(n) ______ idea. It is less expensive than a lab test, and it doesn’t hurt!

【1】A.walks B.rides C.lives D.rests

【2】A.teacher B.student C.doctor D.patient

【3】A.sniffs B.smiles C.jumps D.sleeps

【4】A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides

【5】A.call B.help C.choose D.refuse

【6】A.predicted B.escaped C.caused D.remembered

【7】A.Anybody B.Somebody C.Nobody D.Everybody

【8】A.carry on B.look up C.find out D.hold back

【9】A.detect B.stop C.get D.treat

【10】A.fell B.crashed C.ran D.breathed

【11】A.advised B.trained C.expected D.inspired

【12】A.before B.when C.though D.unless

【13】A.strange B.subjective C.false D.real

【14】A.identified B.collected C.offered D.studied

【15】A.pretended B.thought C.denied D.imagined

【16】A.hardly B.nearly C.actually D.formerly

【17】A.proved B.missed C.showed D.changed

【18】A.tired of B.mad about C.strict with D.good at

【19】A.see B.taste C.smell D.hear

【20】A.interesting B.creative C.bad D.old

34、Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

My daughter

(A story told by a father, a famous actor)

My wife and I only had the one child. We had Amy.

I see her as my best friend. I think she’d always come to me first if she had a problem. We have the same sense of humor, and share interests. 【1】 I don’t mind animals, she’s completely fascinated with them, and she has always had dogs, cats, horses, and goldfish in her life.

We were 【2】 (close) when she was about four, which I think is a lovely age for a child. They know the parents best, and don’t have outside contacts. She must have grown up suddenly when she went to school, because I remember her growing away from her family slightly. Any father who has a teenager daughter comes across an extraordinary collection of people, and there seemed to be an endless stream of strange young men 【3】 (come) through our house. By the time I learned their names they 【4】 (go) away and I had to start learning a new lot.

I wanted more than anything else for her to be happy in 【5】 she was doing, and I was prepared to pull strings to help her on her way. When she left a good school she decided she wanted to become an actress so I got her into drama school. It wasn’t to her liking so she joined a theatre group and began doing bits and pieces in films. She was doing well, but then gave it up. She probably found it boring. Then she took up social work, and finally went to work 【6】a designer and he became her husband. And that’s really the story of her life. She must be happy with him—they’re always together.

We have such similar tastes in books and music 【7】 I used to take her to see an opera, which is my big passion. However, I don’t think she likes it very much. She doesn’t come with me anymore.

I don’t think she’s a big television watcher. She knows when I’m on the television, and she 【8】 watch, but I don’t know. It’s not the kind of thing she tells me.

We’re very grateful for Amy. She’s a good daughter as daughters go. We’re looking forward to being grandparents.

35、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Smell the flowers before you go to sleep and you may just end up with rosy dreams. Have a whiff of rotten(腐烂的)eggs during the night and your dreams may be【1】(pleasant). So says researcher Dr. Boris Stuck, 【2】invited sleeping volunteers to a rose vs. rotten egg test in the University Hospital Mannheim in Germany. The subjects didn’t dream about roses【3】eggs, but rather he found that what they smelt affected the emotions of【4】(they) dreams.

And if you think【5】(smell) have a say in dreams, wait for what TV tells us. A UK study reveals that people exposed【6】black-and-white film and TV in their youth are to have monochromic(单色的)dreams throughout their life more【7】(probable). Eva Murzyn from the University of Dundee tested two age groups— one half 【8】(age) over 55 and【9】other half under 25.

The result? Under 5% of the dreams of the under-25s were in black and white. 【10】(watch)color TV in childhood seems to be the reason why.

36、根据句意填空

In the USA, the Amish-a Christian group-are famous because they drive 【1】 instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have 【2】 reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish 【3】 cars because they like having 【4】 communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity-they do not think it is necessary and 【5】 dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、根据写作要求，短文内容，写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。

Four teams of mountaineers set out on a race to conquer (征服) an unclimbed mountain peak in the Himalayas. The Canadian team chose a long, but safe route, while the British, Chinese and Russian teams chose a faster but steep and dangerous route up the mountain.

When night fell, the teams made camp on the mountainside. But the next morning, the sun rapidly rose air temperature and the strong wind caused a heavy snowfall, which led to a terrible avalanche. The disaster struck and some members of the British, Chinese and Russian teams were swept away and killed. But the Canadians didn’t know what had happened.

It was an hour after the disaster and there was no hope of finding any survivors. The leaders of the British, Chinese and Russian teams, met to discuss how to successfully keep all the survivors alive.

The table above was a summary of what they could collect. The leaders made a final decision that they had to find a way to conquer the mountain and put their flags on the peak.

假设你是领队之一，请你联系加拿大领队David，告知你们的遭遇和决定，并向对方求助。内容包括：1. 你们的遭遇及目前的困难；2. 你们的决定及理由；3. 向对方求助。

Dear David,

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Yours,

Steve

39、Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

你平时喜欢读小说吗?你喜欢读什么类型的小说，谈谈你对阅读小说的看法。

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40、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

In 1971, China’s first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation. By December  2017, there were 171 subway lines stretching over 5,083 km in 35 cities on the Chinese mainland. Currently, China has the longest urban railway network in the world, which is predicted to surpass 6000 km by 2020.

The rapid development of China’s urban railway system reflects the country’s growing economic strength. The system has experienced the fastest growth over the past 15 years due to the investment of wealth accumulated from the reform and opening up in urban infrastructure construction. An urban railway system is expensive to build, with one kilometer of subway costing approximately 700 million yuan ($110 million). A city without economic strength cannot develop such an expensive system.

The progress in urban railway construction technologies has also contributed to the fast expansion of the infrastructure. Subway construction involves building underground tunnels, laying rails, manufacturing trains and the operation and management of subways. It is a systematic project which not only covers traditional infrastructure building but also modem electronics and information technology. China s railway construction technologies are the best in the world, with Chinese subway trains now exported to developed countries including the United States.

The expansion of Chinese cities has made it necessary to develop urban railway systems. Since the start of the reform and opening up, a large number of people have migrated to cities and the number of private cars has increased dramatically, resulting in serious traffic congestion. Building subways has become an important way to solve this problem.

This year marks the 40th anniversary of the launch of China’s reform and opening up, and the rapid development of China’s urban railway system exemplifies the achievements made by the policy. As China furthers its opening up, it will continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and railway systems will be available in more and more cities.

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41、阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

One winter Sunday, my little sister, Colleen, and I built the greatest snowman ever. We gave him a carrot nose, beautiful hat, cozy scarf and gloves. He was a masterpiece（杰作）.

The next morning when looking outside, we smiled lovingly at him over our meal. We gave him a high five as we passed by on our way to school. A lot of kids went past our house, so he was the hot topic at our school that morning. It was our pride！

The day dragged on until finally we could rush home. But as our yard came into sight, we saw something wrong. The snowman was gone！We only found a broken stick here, a torn glove there and balls of snow everywhere. Worst of all, the snowman’s once-proud carrot nose lay limp（无力的）and half-eaten.

What had happened？We were both astonished and angry. But then, we were only kids, who wouldn’t have anything take away our happiness. Actually we knew only one thing: Our snowman would rise again. And so we rebuilt him.

The next day we came home to find another mess on the front lawn（草坪）. For the rest of the week, the destruction was repeated daily. Each afternoon we’d return to find our snowman had fallen apart, and then we built again.

By Saturday morning, we had a plan. We borrowed a really big bucket （水桶）from Mom, filled it with water and left it outside. The next morning. it was frozen solid. We packed snow all around the ice block as the base （底座）of the snowman. Then we built the other parts of it once again The trap was set, and we wailed for the snowman bullies（破坏者） to come

注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语

3写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1

On Monday morning, hiding behind the window, we soon saw what we were waiting for

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Paragraph 2

Seeing their pained look, we couldn’t help laughing

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