2025-2026学年山西运城高三(下)期末试卷英语

1、________things had been tough at times when he was in school, he graduated from college with the highest honor.

A．If

B．While

C．Because

D．As

2、In contrast to Barbie’s fantasy figure and fashionable high heels, these dolls are ________ on girls from historical eras and come with storybooks about themselves.

A．modeled

B．synthesized

C．popularized

D．imposed

3、A 13-year-old boy _____Sheng Yibo, was reported _____ toTsinghua Univeristy, ____ many people.

A.named; to have been admitted; which surprised

B.naming; being admitted; surprising

C.named; to be admitted; surprised

D.named; admitted; as surprised

4、We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ______ violence.

A.result from B.begins with C.leads to D.runs into

5、If you were to have a few minutes free, I______ the opportunity to ask you one more question.

A．would appreciate

B．would have appreciated

C．were to appreciate

D．had appreciated

6、--Can't you stay a little longer?

--It's getting late. I really________ go now. My daughter is home alone.

A．can

B．could

C．might

D．must

7、The manager is someone who is   all the prejudices against women in the workplace and who creates his own values and purpose.

A.away from B.free from C.far from D.apart from

8、Parents are under a(n)   to educate their children.

A. responsibility B. duty

C. liability D. obligation

9、The flood everything, the victims became homeless and could only live temporarily in shelters.

A.destroyed B.having destroyed C.destroying D.had destroyed

10、The old street was so _________ that we had to stop our car and go to his house on foot.

A．attractive

B．ordinary

C．shallow

D．narrow

11、China will continue to curb inflation and the economy still has great _______ for rapid growth in the near future.

A.strength B.function C.potential D.burden

12、The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money to conduct the research.

A. what B. if C. that D. whether

13、---Was it under the tree _______ you were away talking to a friend?

--- Sure. But when I get back there, the car was gone.

A. that B. where

C. which D. while

14、A _______ will be paid to anyone who brings back the money Mr. Brown lost,

according to the advertisement.

A.price B.profit C.reward D.salary

15、Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.(2011·全国Ⅰ)

A．if

B．when

C．since

D．as

16、—How about your journey to Mount Emei?

—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way.

A．slowed down

B．broke down

C．got down

D．put down

17、The teacher advised us _____ to bed late in order to get up early to read English.

A.don’t go B.not go C.not going D.not to go

18、I was so familiar with her that I recognized her voice _______ picking up the phone.

A.the moment B.on C.before D.though

19、Between the two parts of the concert there was an interval, _____ audience can go and buy some snacks.

A.where B.when C.how D.why

20、She got so angry that she ran after them.She was soon________，but she continued to run.

A.out of sight B.out of breath C.in sight D.in breath

21、He___________ to have witnessed aliens taking away Justin，but obviously he was lying.

A.assumed B.claimed C.declared D.confirmed

22、I loved playing computer games, but very little ______ from it.

A.did I learn B.I learnt C.learnt I D.I did learn

23、—Who is it up to _____ when the ceremony will be started?

—The headmaster, of course.

A. decide on B. deciding on C. to decide on D. to deciding on

24、Leonardo da Vinci was an extraordinary genius, _______ is believed _______ “Renaissance man”.

A.who, to be B.that, to be C.which, to have been D.whom, to have been

25、Over 200 people died ______ the air crash.

A.with regard to B.as a consequence of C.in the course of D.on the ground of

26、   Sun bears usually live alone and are happy to spend most of their time by themselves when not looking for a mate. They spend their days in scarce of fruit, nuts, birds and insects in Southeast Asia's tropical forests.

Although sun bears mostly live alone, scientists recently discover they have developed a surprising social skill. They can make some facial expressions by mimicking other bears as a form of communication. Researchers studied 22 sun bears during natural social play at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Center in Malaysia. Usually, this kind of skill is found in humans, gorillas（大猩猩）, some monkeys and even pet dogs. But until now, only humans and gorillas show the ability to exactly copy complex faces. The study found that sun bears, however, are just as good at it as humans and gorillas. This surprised researchers; not only do sun bears usually live alone, they also are not closely related to humans.

Sun bears have a black coat and a white or golden color on their mid-section. They live in trees and eat both plants and animals. Sun bears are the smallest of the world's eight bear species, and can grow to be up to 1.4 meters in height and 65 kilograms in weight. Although they live alone in the wild, the bears in the study often played gently with each other. Sometimes they played with faster actions and behaviors such as hitting and hitting.

Decry Taylor is a doctoral student in psychology at the University of Portsmouth in England. He is one of the writers of the study, which was published in Scientific Reports. Taylor said, "It seems that some forms of communication are much more widely shared among mammals than we previously thought. Let remains uncertain what messages the bears were sending to one another." But the facial copying might be a signal that they are ready to move from gentle to rougher play, Taylor suggested.

【1】What does the underlined word "mimicking" in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Attacking. B.Copying.

C.Teaching. D.Escaping.

【2】What made researches surprised after they conducted the study?

A.Sun bears are closely related to humans.

B.Gorillas live alone in the wild just like sun bears.

C.Gorillas have the ability to copy complex faces.

D.Sun bears are able to copy facial expressions.

【3】What can we know about sun bears from the passage?

A.They are the smallest mammals in the world.

B.They never communicate with each other.

C.They live in trees and feed on plants and animals.

D.They often hit and bite each other fiercely.

【4】Which of the following may Decry Taylor agree with?

A.Mammals' communication forms need to be further explored.

B.What messages sun bears send to each other is certain.

C.Sun bears send messages mainly by copying other bears.

D.Sun bears prefer to play roughly with each other.

27、   You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created Lampbrella，a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella.

The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.“Once，I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞蓬)built into a street lamp.”he said.

The Latuphrella is a standard一looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built－in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.

In addition to the rain sensor，there’s also a 3600motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the Lamphrella. After three minutes of not being used，the canopy is closed.

According to the designer，the Larnpbrella would move at a relatively low speed，so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides，it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground，it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.

While there are no plans to take the L.amphrella into production，Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department，and insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.

【1】For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lamphrella?

A.To protect people from the rain. B.To check the weather forecast.

C.To predict a heavy rain. D.To remind people to take an umbrella.

【2】What do we know from Belyaev’s words in Paragraph 2?

A.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain. B.Street lamps are protected by canopies.

C.It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg. D.His creation was inspired by an experience.

【3】What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

A.Its moving speed. B.Its appearance.

C.Its safety. D.Its installation.

【4】What can he inferred from the last paragraph?

A.The designer will open a company to promote his product.

B.The designer is confident that his creation is practical.

C.The Lamphrella could be put into immediate production.

D.The Lampbrella would he put on show in Moscow.

28、Amazon Best Sellers: Best Books

A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership-April 17, 2018 by James Comey

In his book, James Comey, the former FBI director, shares his experiences from his career of American government, exploring what good, ethical（道德的）leadership looks like. His journey provides a remarkable lesson in what makes an effective leader.

Hardcover $17.99

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos- January 23, 2018 by Jordan B. Peterson

What does everyone in the modern world need to know? Famous psychologist Jordan B. Peterson's answer combines the truths of ancient tradition with the findings of scientific research.

Hardcover $15.57

How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading Revised Edition by Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren

With half a million copies in print, How to Read a Book is the best guide to reading comprehension for the general reader, completely rewritten and updated with new material.Originally published in 1940, this book is a rare phenomenon, a living classic that introduces and clarifies the various levels of reading and how to achieve them—from elementary reading, through systematic skimming, to speed reading.

Paperback $10.31

Everybody, Always: Becoming Love in a World Full of Setbacks and Difficult People- April 17, 2018 by Bob Goff

What happens when we stop avoiding difficult people and simply love everyone? In his inspiring follow-up to the New York Times bestselling phenomenon Love Does, Bob Goff takes readers on a journey into the secret of living without fear, care, restriction, or worry.

Paperback $10.19

【1】If you want to become an effective leader, which book can you try?

A. How to Read a Book B. A Higher Loyalty

C. 12 Rules for Life D. Everybody, Always

【2】What do we know about How to Read a Book?

A. It has been published since 1940.

B. It is completely the same as the original one.

C. It is written by Mortimer J. Adler alone.

D. It is about living without fear.

【3】What can we learn from the passage?

A. All the four books are paperbacks.

B. Jordan B. Peterson is the former FBI director.

C. Paperbacks are cheaper than hardcovers.

D. Bob Goff is a famous psychologist.

29、My first newsroom was in a grand building with tall arched windows that dominated a street corner in the small Midwestern city where I worked. Inside, there was a high ceiling. “Did this use to be a bank?” many visitors would ask. But it had, in fact, always been a newsroom.

I was young and shy when I first went to work there, and it probably took me a month before I talked to any of the other reporters. But eventually, they became my best friends, the core of my social life

My second newsroom was the airy top floor of a historic building in the state capital of Maryland. It was smaller and less grand but far more energizing. My colleagues were older. I learned so much about bow to be a reporter from overhearing their phone interviews.

This past summer, several American newspapers announced they would be closing their newsrooms. Many local newspapers have gone out of business in recent years, victims of declining circulation and shrinking advertising dollars. Then along came the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒疫情), and so many of us were sent home to work from there. The pleasant surprise is that we have all succeeded brilliantly in working remotely. But some managers have looked at this success and thought: “Why would we need to return to the newsroom?”

I worry that they are making a big mistake. A physical newsroom sends a powerful message to a community: “We are here for you.” At my first job, strangers could walk fight though the door and straight up my desk. We treasured that visibility.

But I also think about the collaboration (合作)-of the times I would overhear colleagues talking about a story and realize that I had some useful information for them. Sometimes, a colleague would see me in the hall and give me a story idea. I can’t wait to get back to my newsroom.

【1】How did the author benefit from her second newsroom?

A．She overcame her shyness.

B．She made her best friends there.

C．She could overhear others’ argument.

D．She gained experience from her colleagues.

【2】What does the underlined part “this success” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Journalists worked effectively at home.

B．Newspaper circulation was increasing.

C．Newspaper advertising was profitable.

D．Journalism survived the pandemic.

【3】Why is the author against closing newsrooms?

A．Newsrooms serve as a close tie.

B．She will be out of work as a result.

C．Newspapers will disappear due to it.

D．It is against the will of communities.

30、   The past 10 months has been the most influential months of my life.

As a junior, I left my comfortable home in Illinois and _______ going to the Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona. There I attended a local poorly-equipped school and _______ for an adventure. I experienced so many _______when I arrived, fighting each day to _______ in a new social environment — overcoming racial differences, handling social _______ and being challenged by the polluted environment. However, I _______ that I could create change as well later on.

During the summer vacation I _______ to be a counselor (顾问) at an Easter Seals camp for people with _______ needs who require assistance because of disabilities — improving their ability to do things alone — instead of choosing a _______ teen summer job. It was the most tiring work I’d ever experienced but the most __________ I knew that I’d helped improve over 850 campers’ __________.

As the new school year began, our department had a renovation (翻新). I offered to help clean up all the __________ books. Instead of recycling hundreds of those books, I __________ the department that the books could serve a higher __________. This simple act resulted in an all-out book drive ____________ the schools in Arizona. We currently have boxes of books waiting to be shipped. These books will make a __________ to the entire community’s educational system, enabling teachers and students to get __________ to invaluable resources.

The 10-month experience in Arizona __________ me greatly. It made me become a person with patience, appreciation, determination, and __________ enthusiasm. I trust that it is through enthusiasm, ideas and action that all changes can __________.

【1】A.required B.risked C.escaped D.considered

【2】A.settled on B.settled back C.settled up D.settled in

【3】A.pleasures B.wonders C.blows D.burdens

【4】A.survive B.succeed C.recover D.return

【5】A.cases B.communications C.conflicts D.responsibilities

【6】A.discovered B.expected C.admitted D.remembered

【7】A.promised B.decided C.afforded D.learned

【8】A.basic B.normal C.special D.natural

【9】A.unique B.practical C.popular D.common

【10】A.interesting B.rewarding C.demanding D.appealing

【11】A.patience B.independence C.intelligence D.confidence

【12】A.unturned B.valuable C.useful D.unwanted

【13】A.reminded B.comforted C.informed D.convinced

【14】A.plan B.target C.purpose D.standard

【15】A.benefiting B.satisfying C.representing D.observing

【16】A.difference B.point C.request D.reservation

【17】A.connection B.permission C.access D.reference

【18】A.transformed B.defeated C.tricked D.impressed

【19】A.after all B.above all C.at large D.at least

【20】A.help B.spread C.matter D.occur

31、   A video has gone popular now, which is about a Hawaiian beach man, Kamalu Rosa, helping put a big smile on the face of a woman with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) on the surfboard. Long before the _______ video, the Waikiki beach surfing instructor had quietly done other acts of _______ .

Rosa, aged 43, has _______ many people with special needs and _______ challenges enjoy the sea. "I'm just very _______ because I can do what I like for a living. I can help people," he said. He sees them on the beach and offers them a free surfing _______ .

Kamalu Rosa was on the shores of Waikiki when he _______ met a woman named Stephanie. Due to her condition, she's unable to _______ , but still had dreams of surfing. In talking with Stephanie's _______ and family, he realized he could help her ________ that.

"I can help people," Rosa said. "If I have the ________ to help them out in the ocean, like taking them surf, I try to ________ the moment."

Rosa quickly grabbed his ________ and went to the water's edge. He went back for Stephanie, and ________ her onto the board. He paddled out, held on to her and together they caught some ________ at Waikiki beach.

"I burst into tears there," Rosa said. "She was so ________ and happy. It's the kind of thing you don't have to ________ too much. It's body language." It ________ everybody in the ocean. It was a(n) ________ experience in my life," he added. For Rosa, he said it's the ________ surf lesson he has ever given.

A．inspiring

B．boring

C．frightening

D．puzzling

A．instruction

B．happiness

C．bravery

D．kindness

A．told

B．divided

C．helped

D．filmed

A．cultural

B．physical

C．small

D．urgent

A．sad

B．lucky

C．common

D．upset

A．lesson

B．suit

C．book

D．show

A．finally

B．generally

C．gradually

D．recently

A．think

B．shout

C．walk

D．smile

A．neighbours

B．brothers

C．friends

D．parents

A．forget

B．improve

C．develop

D．achieve

A．opportunity

B．money

C．attitude

D．power

A．keep

B．seize

C．refuse

D．change

A．camera

B．student

C．board

D．card

A．pushed

B．lifted

C．dragged

D．carried

A．waves

B．sounds

C．fishes

D．shots

A．excited

B．tired

C．embarrassed

D．moved

A．listen

B．experience

C．speak

D．write

A．annoyed

B．touched

C．persuaded

D．educated

A．expensive

B．unbelievable

C．visual

D．ridiculous

A．only

B．extra

C．hardest

D．best

32、   My name is Margaret, and my story begins from here. I was born in a poor family. While ____ up, I saw my parents doing what they could for me and my brother. They tried to ______ all our wishes without buying anything for themselves. The small amount of money they ______, they put it all in our childhood to ensure we don’t feel ______ than other kids around us. I decided to focus on my ______ and give my parents a better life, a life that they ______ for all the hard work they have done.

Eventually, I finished my graduation and got ______ into a leading firm. In the process of realizing my ______, I became a workaholic, taking my body and my health for granted. Soon I was mentally ______. I was diagnosed with G.B.S, a rare disease which caused paralysis of my whole body. My breathing was becoming more and more ______ for me while I was in the ICU. I was in the hospital for 2 months on life ______, during which time I had survived some near ______ experiences. There is no cure for this disease apart from regaining muscle strength and ______ back the erased muscle memory. I had two ______ at that time: first was to give up and ______ that I will never be myself again and the other was to keep ______. I chose to be my own miracle. I practised anything that could help me go back to work ______ having any caretakers around. Finally after two years of hard work, I was ______ to go to work again. Now whenever I see those who are always working and ______ seem to stop, I tell them, “You are lucky and it’s a blessing!”

This ______ has given me a life lesson: It’s the door you choose that will decide whether you will fly or live your life in a cage.

【1】A.staying B.getting C.growing D.looking

【2】A.respect B.expect C.send D.fulfill

【3】A.donated B.earned C.counted D.owed

【4】A.less B.hungrier C.sadder D.busier

【5】A.interests B.programmes C.studies D.careers

【6】A.make B.wait C.deserve D.lose

【7】A.transformed B.placed C.caught D.lost

【8】A.profits B.mistakes C.dreams D.values

【9】A.addicted B.abused C.restored D.exhausted

【10】A.difficult B.frequent C.comfortable D.popular

【11】A.style B.boat C.condition D.support

【12】A.death B.success C.sickness D.happiness

【13】A.turning B.holding C.bringing D.keeping

【14】A.purposes B.options C.problems D.wishes

【15】A.expect B.realize C.deny D.accept

【16】A.reforming B.thinking C.pushing D.failing

【17】A.without B.by C.for D.before

【18】A.scared B.willing C.ready D.annoyed

【19】A.never B.indeed C.often D.actually

【20】A.principle B.journey C.opportunity D.wisdom

33、Melbourne Girls' College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.

Starting next Monday, the college will gradually_______all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the yard, _________1400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes. Volunteer students will _______ daily non- compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste" lunch boxes will be _______. Students using only _______ packaging will receive a token (礼券）to win prizes such as keepcups.

The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill(废物填埋场）via their home bins, _______the new policy will help persuade_______to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved._______tuna （金枪鱼）in a tin, for example, can_______ the school's compost（堆肥）bin and the tin can be __________ before it's taken home.

The college principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to avoid ________ in single-use packaging, “but it's________to get as many people as we can to avoid it. We talk a lot, ________ educators, about the bad problems the world ________, and if we don't start putting some actions ________ that beautiful idea, then it's just empty."

【1】

A．replace

B．wash

C．clean

D．remove

【2】

A．proving

B．leaving

C．promising

D．allowing

【3】

A．receive

B．forbid

C．admit

D．conduct

【4】

A．rewarded

B．advised

C．changed

D．protected

【5】

A．creative

B．usual

C．reusable

D．plastic

【6】

A．so

B．but

C．then

D．though

【7】

A．teachers

B．staff

C．families

D．classmates

【8】

A．Uneaten

B．Uncooked

C．Uncovered

D．Unbroken

【9】

A．break down

B．break through

C．get through

D．go into

【10】

A．returned

B．washed

C．reused

D．spared

【11】

A．foods

B．clothes

C．drinks

D．tools

【12】

A．keeping

B．dreaming

C．stopping

D．trying

【13】

A．for

B．to

C．as

D．with

【14】

A．solves

B．shows

C．faces

D．follows

【15】

A．ahead of

B．behind

C．upon

D．beyond

34、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

I have the【1】(great)job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes using【2】(science)equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never【3】(bore).Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don’t mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people【4】 one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.

B

Water is a precious resource. Every person needs it【5】 (survive),and we use it for cooking, drinking, growing our food and washing. However，it is scarce(缺乏的).Just 1% of water on Earth can【6】 (use)by humans. What’s more，treating water to make it clean and safe and pumping it to our homes uses up lots of energy. So, what can you do to help save water? One easy way is by【7】(turn)off the tap when you brush your teeth.

C

Robbie Phillips has become the first British person to complete one of the toughest challenges in rock climbing. 【8】(know)as the Alpine Trilogy(阿尔卑斯三部曲),the challenge consists of three climbs on mountains in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, 【9】Phillips completed in four years. Until now, only four other people【10】(conquer)all three of the extremely difficult climbs.

35、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit 【1】 into the hand?

Now something like a tablet-shaped but fold-able phone is about to become 【2】. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China’s Huawei both unveiled fold-able phones Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X 【3】. Mobile phone use has entered the “fold-able future”, The Verge noted.

The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their 【4】 screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they’re “the 【5】 of a small tablets and smart-phone, all in a single device”.

The technology could 【6】 other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to 【7】 available space.

In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the fold-able screen “the 【8】 for the smart-phone of tomorrow.” “It’s a balank canvas for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.

So is there nothing to stand in the way of the fold-able future?

According to tech news website Android authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every to OLED screens produced were 【9】. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these fold-able devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB. That’s a price that may 【10】 the majority of people.

But if the fold-able device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming.

Patrick Moor-head, an industry analyst told The Verge, “Few are debating if fold-able or roll-able mobile displays are the future of smart-phones; the only question is when and by whom.”

36、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Driving an electric car 【1】 to the protection of environment, or so the marketing departments of their makers would have you believe. Yet a report which analyzes car emissions presents a rather different picture. A battery-powered car recharged with 【2】 generated by coal-fired power stations, it found, is likely to be more harmful. It could cause more than three times as many deaths from pollution as a 【3】 petrol-driven vehicle.

The study was carried out by the University of Minnesota. The researchers estimated how levels of fine particulate matter (细颗粒物) and ground-level ozone — two important 【4】 of air pollution — would change when a car is powered by different ways.

It was no surprise that electric cars whose batteries were recharged with power from wind, solar or hydro-electric sources came out to be virtually free from harmful 【5】. They were estimated to cause 231 deaths over the course of a year, compared with 878 for petrol cars. Electric cars recharged with power from natural gas-fired stations were also a lot less harmful than petrol-driven ones, with 439 deaths. But if those same electric cars were recharged 【6】 by coal, they would be responsible for over 3,000 deaths.

Biofuels also caused more health problems than petrol. But diesel, which often  【7】 concern about pollution, is slightly cleaner than petrol. This is because the study assumes for all cars that emission-control technologies will be more widely used, especially particulate filters which have a remarkable effect on cleaning diesel 【8】. Diesel cars are also more 【9】 of fuel than petrol-driven ones.

Overall, the study shows that electric cars are cleaner than those traditional vehicles only if the power used to charge then is also clean. That is hardly a surprise, but the 【10】 of the difference is. How green electric cars really are, then, will depend mainly on where they are driven. In France, which obtains more than half of its power from nuclear station, electric cars look like a good bet. In China and some other developing countries, where a large amount of electricity is produced from coal, they may not be so environment- friendly as they are marketed.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，在美国作交换生，得知当地为庆祝端午节要举办赛龙舟活动，你想邀请好友Louise一起报名参加，请给她写一封信，要点如下：

1. 写信目的；

2. 活动意义；

3. 赛前准备。

注意：1. 词数80左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 龙舟节 the Dragon Boat Festival

为了纪念 in memory of

提前看视频 watch some videos in advance

分享经验 share experience

Dear Louise,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

39、假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将在下学年来中国做为期一年的交换生。他准备提前学习些日常中文，发邮件向你询问学习方法，请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 学习方法：多听、多说；

2. 给予鼓励和良好祝愿

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

40、假定你是重庆红星中学的李华，你校英语社团将举行征文比赛，致敬援助湖北武汉奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的重庆医护人员。请你用英语写一封感谢信参赛，内容如下：

1.表达你的敬意与谢意；  2.个人感受； 3.表达决心。

注意：（1）词数不少于100； 

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：新冠肺炎Novel Coronavirus pneumonia; 流行病epidemic

Dear medical workers,

I’m Li Hua, a student in Hongxing High School._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、假定你是李华，你校英语报社就“高中生是否应该去KTV庆祝生日”进行校园调查。请你用英语写封信给该报社编辑，谈谈你自己的想法。内容包括：

1.简述该现象；

2.你的观点和建议。

注意：1.词数100左右；；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua