晋城2024-2025学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高一英语

1、It was a real race________time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.

A.over B.by C.for D.against

2、The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health are one of the top ______ of those who live in some cities.

A．concerns

B．conflicts

C．characters

D．charges

3、Good-looking women are ______ to be turned down for a job interview as unattractive ones, claims a study.

A.twice as likely as B.as likely twice

C.more than likely as D.more than twice as likely

4、At first, Alice didn’t study well in our class, but she ________ topping in our class with great efforts.

A. picked up B. gave up C. ended up D. went up

5、Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of   and willpower.

A.insistence B.endurance C.preservation D.bravery

6、Each of us is likely to develop a personal __________ for certain types of entertainment.

A. comparison B. possession

C. love   D. advantage

7、The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear _____ between what is right and wrong.

A.distance B.distinction C.donation D.defense

8、I was impressed _______ his huge feet ________ approximately 1 foot 8 inches.

A.in; measuring B.on; measured

C.with; measuring D.for; measured

9、Don’t be so   as to believe whatever the politicians tell you.

A.intelligent B.confident C.innocent D.passive

10、Wherever he goes, he always takes an umbrella with him ________ it rains.

A．in case

B．even though

C．even if

D．now that

11、___________you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.

A. Now that B. After

C. Although D. As soon as

12、From time to time Bruno saw Pavel ________ a glance ________ the direction of his knee.

A. give; in B. give; to C. throw; in D. throw; to

13、We hope that as many people as possible   join us for the picnic tomorrow.

A.need B.can C.must D.should

14、_______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.

A．What

B．That

C．This

D．Which

15、The other two areas ________ the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.

A.in that B.from which C.with which D.in which

16、Bird flu ________ in our country two years ago and several people died.

A．broke down

B．broke out

C．broke off

D．broke up

17、_____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

A. Faced B. Face

C. Facing D. To face

18、When he returned , he agreed to the publisher’s request _______ he should write a book for boys based on the life he experienced.

A. when B. that  C. which    D. why

19、It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to ________ those hard times.

A．break through

B．put through

C．look through

D．get through

20、_____ never easy, innovation is absolutely possible with adequate training and continuous practice.

A．When

B．As

C．Since

D．While

21、We Chinese eat with chopsticks ______ most westerners eat with knives and forks.

A. for   B. as   C. while  D. when

22、He bought a new building _____top is different from those of the others around.

A.what B.which C.that D.whose

23、The pot ______ for ______ hot water.

A.used; keeping B.was used; keeping

C.is used; to keep D.are used; keep

24、According to an Australia study, people who do not get enough sleep are more than   die of heart disease as people who get enough sleep.

A. as twice likely to B. twice likely than

C. twice as likely to D. likely as twice

25、Obviously, the book is _________ for  children aged between three and six.

A.specialized B.supported C.determined D.intended

26、Ways to Worry Less

Do you want to worry less? Of course you do. That's like asking if I can send you free bacon . Worry is like black mold----it appears in damp conditions and spreads uncontrollably. And very often we don't realize it's there until it's killing us. We must get rid of worry before it destroys us. But how should we do it? 【1】

Do what you need to do.

【2】You ought not to avoid tough projects or hard conversations. If you don't do what you should be doing, you will end up spending the rest of the time worrying about the must-do things. Believe it or not, the anxiety that comes from the worry is much worse than the task we're worried about.

【3】

I think many of us act like we're puppets (木偶)in a play and we're waiting for something or someone to put us in the right place. We just react to whatever is going on.【4】We need to live purposefully . Nothing can cause more worry than purposelessness.

Make plans.

You can't succeed without making plans. Making plans will enable you to achieve your aims more smoothly. However, your plans aren't set in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly. Accept changes.【5】

There are other ways to lessen worry. As long as you are determined to take action, you will live a worry-free life.

A. Get more purposeful.

B. Worry ruins creativity.

C. Do what you should be doing.

D. We need to stop letting life just happen.

E. Make new plans and then move forward.

F. Here are some effective ways to deal with it.

G. You do the same things as the people around you do.

27、   A four-year-old girl sees three biscuits divided between a stuffed crocodile and a teddy bear. The crocodile gets two; the bear one. “Is that fair?” asks the experimenter. The girl judges that it is not. “How about now?” asks the experimenter, breaking the bear’s single biscuit in half. The girl cheers up: “Oh yes, now it’s fair. They both have two.” Strangely, children feel very strongly about fairness, even when they hardly understand it.

Adults care about fairness too---but how much? One way to find out is by using the ultimatum（最后通牒）game, created by economist Werner Guth. Jack is given a pile of money and proposes how it should be divided with Jill. Jill can accept Jack’s “ultimatum”, otherwise the deal is off, and neither gets anything.

Suppose Jack and Jill don’t care about fairness, just about accumulating cash. Then Jack can offer Jill as little as he likes and Jill will still accept. After all, a little money is more than no money. But imagine, instead, that Jack and Jill both care only about fairness and that the fairest outcome is equality. Then Jack would offer Jill half the money; and Jill wouldn’t accept otherwise.

What happens when we ask people to play this game for real? It turns out that people value fairness a lot. Anyone offered less than 20-30% of the money is likely to reject it. Receiving an unfair offers makes us feel sick. Happily, most offers are pretty equitable; indeed, by far the most common is a 50-50 split.

But children, and adults, also care about a very different sort of （un）fairness, namely cheating. Think how many games of snakes and ladders have ended in arguments when one child “accidentally” miscounts her moves and another child objects. But this sense of fairness isn’t about equality of outcome: games inevitably have winners and losers. Here, fairness is about playing by the rules.

Both fairness-as-equality and fairness-as-no-cheating matter. Which is more important: equality or no-cheating? I think the answer is neither. The national lottery（彩票）, like other lotteries, certainly doesn’t make the world more equal: a few people get rich and most people get nothing. Nevertheless, we hope, it is fair---but what does this mean? The fairness-as-no-cheating viewpoint has a ready answer: a lottery is fair if it is conducted according to the “rules”. But which rules? None of us has the slightest idea, I suspect. Suppose that buried in the small print at lottery HQ is a rule that forbids people with a particular surname （let’s say, Moriarty）. So a Ms Moriarty could buy a ticket each week for years without any chance of success.

How would she react if she found out? Surely with anger: how dare the organizers let her play, week after week, without mentioning that she couldn’t possibly win! She’d reasonably feel unfairly treated because ___________________.

To protest（抗议）against unfairness, then, is to make an accusation of bad faith. From this viewpoint, an equal split between the crocodile and the bear seems fair because （normally, at least）, it is the only split they would both agree to. But were the girl to learn that the crocodile doesn’t like biscuits or that the bear isn’t hungry, I suspect she’d think it perfectly fair for one toy to take the whole. Inequality of biscuits （or anything else） isn’t necessarily unfair, if both parties are happy. And the unfairness of cheating comes from the same source: we’d never accept that someone else can unilaterally（单方面地）violate agreements that we have all signed up to.

So perhaps the four-year-old’s intuitions（直觉）about fairness is the beginnings of an understanding of negotiation. With a sense of fairness, people will have to make us acceptable offers（or we’ll reject their ultimatums） and stick by the（reasonable）rules, or we’ll be on the warpath. So a sense of fairness is crucial to effective negotiation; and negotiation, over toys, treats etc, is part of life.

【1】From Paragraph 2 to 4, we can conclude______.

A.a 30-70 split is acceptable to the majority

B.fairness means as much to adults as to children

C.something is better than nothing after all

D.people will sacrifice money to avoid unfairness

【2】Which of the following does fairness-as-no-cheating apply to?

A.divisions of housework B.favoritism between children

C.banned drugs in sport D.schooling opportunities

【3】Which of the following best fits in the blank in Paragraph7?

A.the lottery didn’t follow the rules B.she was cheated out of the money

C.the lottery wasn’t equal at all D.she would never have agreed to those rules

【4】The chief factor in preventing unfairness is to ______.

A.establish rules B.observe agreements

C.strengthen morality D.understand negotiation

28、   Robert and Peter study in the same university. They do everything together and help each other. But they often play jokes on each other. The school year was over last month and they decided to travel through the country in America. They drove a car and could stop wherever they were interested in and started whenever they wanted. Of course they enjoyed themselves. It was very hot one day and they were both hungry and thirsty. They stopped in front of a restaurant by the road. They came in, sat down at a table and ordered some dishes. Robert looked around and found there was a small bowl on the table. He thought there was some ice cream in it and took a spoonful of it and put it into his mouth. Immediately he knew it was mustard(芥末),but it was too late. Tears ran down his face, but he pretended nothing had happened. The other young man, seeing his friend crying, asked, “What are you crying about, Robert?”

“I’m thinking of my father who was hanged twenty years ago,” was a reply.

After a while Peter made the same mistake. Tears ran down his cheeks, too. And his friend asked him why.

“I wonder why your father hadn’t been hanged before he got married!”

【1】Robert didn’t tell Peter it was some mustard in the bowl because ________.

A.he thought his friend was interested in it

B.he thought his friend knew what it was

C.he wanted his friend to repeat the mistake

D.he didn’t know his friend hated it

【2】___________ so tears ran down his face.

A.Robert thought of his dead father

B.Robert thought his father had been hanged by mistake

C.Robert couldn’t rescue his poor father

D.A sharp flavor (辣味) of the mustard made Robert painful

【3】What do Peter’s last words mean?

A.His friend wouldn’t be born.

B.He must give his friend a lesson.

C.It was wrong to play a joke on a friend.

D.Robert’s father would be hanged earlier.

29、Folk tales have saddled the moon with major responsibilities: moods, increases in crime and even mental disorders are blamed on the Earth's only constant natural satellite. But could the "lunar effect" disturb sleep?

Scientists have long understood that human activity is facilitated by light, be it sunlight, moonlight or artificial light. But a recent study suggests our ability to sleep is distinctly affected by the lunar cycle, even when taking into account artificial sources of light.

Using wrist monitors, researchers tracked sleep patterns in 98 individuals living in three local communities in Argentina over the course of one to two months. One rural community had no electricity access, a second rural community had limited access to electricity, while a third community was located in an urban setting and had full access to electricity.

Participants in all three communities showed the same pattern of sleep oscillations as the moon progressed through its 29.5-day cycle, with sleep duration changing by between 20 and more than 90 minutes, and bedtimes varying by 30 to 80 minutes.

In each community, the peak of participants sleeping less and staying up later occurred in the three-to-five-day period prior to full moon nights, and the opposite occurred on the nights before the new moon, the authors found.

Unsurprisingly, data showed the "lunar phase effect" on sleep appeared to be stronger the more limited access to electricity was.

“The result strongly suggests that human sleep is synchronized with lunar phases regardless of ethnic and socio-cultural background and of the level of urbanisation," the researchers wrote in the journal Science Advances.

De la Iglesia added: “We humans tend to believe that we managed to somehow control nature, and the use of artificial light is a great example of that. But it turns out that there are some forces of nature that we cannot get away from.”

Derk-Jan Dijk, a professor of sleep and physiology and the director of a sleep research centre at the University of Surrey, described the study as exciting but noted that the researchers had not addressed internal influences such as body clocks that could affect sleep patterns.

【1】What is the recent study mainly about?

A．The harm of lunar effect.

B．The reliability of folk tales.

C．The function of artificial light.

D．The effect of the lunar cycle on sleep.

【2】When did the participants in the experiment sleep least?

A．On the full moon night.

B．On the new moon night.

C．On the night after the new moon.

D．On the night before the full moon.

【3】What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph but one refer to?

A．Controlling nature.

B．The level of urbanisation.

C．The escape from forces of nature.

D．Synchronizing with lunar phases.

【4】What did Derk-Jan Dijk think of the research findings?

A．Groundless.

B．Persuasive.

C．Incomplete.

D．Impressive.

30、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In 2014 I was 22 years old and had just come back to Brazil after 14 months in England, holding my Cambridge Proficiency certificate. After nervously _______ a short training course, I began to give class to my 12 students, all of them older than I was. I _______ hard to remain calm in class and _______ they wouldn't find out how unconfident I felt a lot of the time. I was quite _______, actually, until the end of _______ and the night of the final oral test.

The test was going to start at 7 pm, and at 6:50, I _______ myself in the teachers' bathroom to _______ all the test questions again. I really wanted to learn the _______ by heart so no one would think I was an inexperienced tester. The _______ is, I actually locked myself in the bathroom. I __________ couldn't get out! The bell rang at 7 pm and I could hear the noise in the halls __________ the students went to their rooms. I tried hard to __________ the bathroom door, but failed.

I heard the cleaning lady's voice and asked for help as __________ as I could. However, she wasn't exactly a thoughtful person, and started __________: “Diana's locked in the bathroom!” Shame had fallen upon me! __________ the course director, the secretary and some teachers were outside the bathroom trying to get me out, and, __________, my students gathered outside too, happily saying things like “Aren't we __________! No test today !” All I could do was __________, feeling miserable and utterly stupid. The door finally opened, and my entire __________ was waiting for me outside, naughty smiles on their faces. “__________! Teacher.” they said, “we know you are human too!”

They all passed their test. True to the Brazilian style, we all went out for a beer afterward, and laughed the whole thing off.

【1】

A．holding

B．taking

C．getting

D．giving

【2】

A．performed

B．learned

C．worked

D．tried

【3】

A．thought

B．hoped

C．guessed

D．realized

【4】

A．successful

B．fortunate

C．happy

D．satisfied

【5】

A．the class

B．the course

C．the day

D．the year

【6】

A．tidied

B．washed

C．locked

D．reminded

【7】

A．rewrite

B．answer

C．go over

D．put forward

【8】

A．questions

B．instructions

C．answers

D．steps

【9】

A．situation

B．condition

C．trick

D．problem

【10】

A．probably

B．simply

C．sadly

D．nearly

【11】

A．As

B．before

C．after

D．until

【12】

A．knock

B．kick

C．open

D．push

【13】

A．quietly

B．hurriedly

C．excitedly

D．crazily

【14】

A．scolding

B．running

C．laughing

D．shouting

【15】

A．At first

B．Soon enough

C．In the end

D．Right now

【16】

A．to my amazement

B．to my delight

C．to my surprise

D．to my horror

【17】

A．lucky

B．comfortable

C．anxious

D．regretful

【18】

A．watch

B．smile

C．wait

D．worry

【19】

A．class

B．staff

C．group

D．school

【20】

A．Sorry

B．Congratulations

C．Don't be angry

D．Don't worry

31、课文填空

At the ancient Olympics,by【1】 the athlete were all men and they had to compete 【2】 no clothes.Single women were allowed to take part in their own 【3】,at a separate festival in honour of Hera,the wife of the Greek god Zeus.Today,both male and female athletes from around the world can take part,no matter what nation they come from. The 【4】Olympic were first held in 1896,in Athens.It was a Frenchman,pieere de Coubertin,who brought the Olympics back to life.He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in 【5】Now people all over the world are helping to realize this dream.Among them are many well-known athletes.

32、假定你是李华，你校将于下周三下午举办一次以“保护野生动物（Protect the Wildlife）”为主题的英文演讲活动。请你代表学校学生会写封邮件，邀请美国交换生Lucy 参与该活动。

内容包括：

1. 写信目的；

2. 时间、地点：下周三下午3:00-5:00在学术报告厅；主题：保护野生动物；说明演讲意义；

3. 联系电话：84920740；截止日期：本周六；

4. 盼望回复；表达祝愿。

参考词汇：学术报告厅Academic Lecture Hall

注意：1. 词数100左右，内容包括主要要点；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Lucy,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua