平凉2024-2025学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、Smart phones have ________ our lives. Most of us can’t go much longer than 10 minutes before we check our phones.

A. turned over   B. taken over

C. got over   D. gone over

2、China has hundreds of island and the biggest of________is Taiwan.

A.that B.them C.which D.this

3、________ for a long time, but he tried his best to make up for what he missed．

A. Being ill staying in hospital

B. Having been ill staying in hospital

C. He was ill staying in hospital

D. To be ill staying in hospital

4、There is a common belief among them ________ rubbish can should be put to good use.

A. which   B. what   C. whether   D. that

5、 That day I saw Mary grab the cat by ______ tail — which was _____ rather stupid thing to do.

A. the; a   B. a; a

C. a; 不填   D. the; 不填

6、Kate didn't expect to have a trip with Tom this weekend,   。

A.nor I did B.nor did I C.so did I D.so I did

7、Such a simple experiment can effectively ________ people’s doubts about the new technology, so they are willing to embrace the innovation.

A．bring forth

B．go over

C．put away

D．wipe out

8、—I bought the dress for only fifty yuan at the sales.

—Really ? It was a real ________. How I wish I would have such a good chance!

A．goal

B．bargain

C．exchange

D．business

9、Reduce it ______ half each month and before you know it, you will not be thinking of it anymore.

A. to   B. by

C. in   D. for

10、Once you master the useful skills, everything in your life will change for .

A．better

B．the better

C．worse

D．the less

11、Hundreds of people are ________ now, so there are about 50 people trying for the same position.

A．out of the work

B．out work

C．out of work

D．out of a work

12、The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my ________, peers, and subordinates.

A．alumni

B．interns

C．colleagues

D．seniors

13、Not drinking enough water _____ lead to headache and poor physical performance.

A.can B.must C.should D.need

14、It can be hard for you to imagine what difficulty I have had ______ the problems ______ in the meeting held last week.

A．to deal with; brought up

B．dealing with; bringing up

C．dealing with; brought up

D．to deal with; bringing up

15、 ________ I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.

A. When   B. Because

C. If   D. While

16、______ the characters leave unsaid is often more important than what they put into words.

A. That   B. When

C. What   D. How

17、Only when the police showed her the evidence ________ that she had stolen the money.

A.she admitted B.she had admitted

C.did she admit D.had she admitted

18、He missed the worst of the traffic this morning, ______ he set out before 6 o’clock.

A. but   B. so

C. for   D. or

19、Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one had an idea which office room ____.

A. to send it B. to have it sent

C. to send to  D. to send it to

20、 --- You look so young. Haven’t you graduated from your university?

--- Yes, I _______ in the English Department of Zhejiang Normal University for four years.

A. was studying  B. study

C. had studied  D. studied

21、In 2008, Michael Goodfellow, a scientist at Newcastle University, was handed a soil sample taken from Chile’s Atacama Desert—the world’s driest desert, once considered a dead zone. “Quite frankly, we didn’t expect to isolate (使分离) anything,” Goodfellow admits. But to his surprise, he was able to grow a diversity of bacteria from the sample.

A 2018 review counted a total of 46 new molecules (分子) that have been isolated from the Atacama bacteria so far, many of which show antibiotic (抗菌的), antiviral or anticancer properties (特征). It was the type of bacteria living in the Atacama that proved particularly exciting: actinobacteria (放线菌).

Take streptomyces griseus for example, a species of actinobacteria you might find in soil. A sample of streptomyces, when placed among mycobacterium tuberculosis (结核杆菌), will release a chemical which stops its bacterial neighbors from growing the proteins they need to survive. When scientists at Rutgers University managed to isolate this chemical in 1944, they accidentally found the first antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis, saving countless lives.

Today, there is general agreement on the need for the development of new antibiotics because our most trusted drugs began to fail—bacteria have learnt how to survive our antibiotic attacks. Sometimes, a potentially useful chemical can be found right in environments around us. But many scientists argue that we should also be exploring the natural world for novel biochemistry, an approach known as “bioprospecting”.

“70% to 75% of all antibiotics come from nature,” notes Marcel Jaspars, a natural product chemist at the University of Aberdeen. “It strikes me that we should be looking more deeply into how nature makes these molecules and how we can actually find antibiotics.”

【1】What did Goodfellow think of the sample at first?

A．It was lifeless.

B．It was man-made.

C．It was of great value.

D．It was of doubtful origin.

【2】Why does the author mention scientists’ achievement in 1944?

A．To compare two species of actinobacteria.

B．To explain the major cause of tuberculosis.

C．To explain the purpose of antibiotic treatments.

D．To show the potential of the Atacama actinobacteria.

【3】Which of the following best describes Jaspars’ attitude to “bioprospecting”?

A．Doubtful.

B．Supportive.

C．Tolerant.

D．Conservative.

【4】What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Antibiotics are bound to fail.

B．Effective treatments come from nature.

C．Fun facts are listed about the Atacama Desert.

D．The desert soil could save lives.

22、   All animals—from humans to birds，worms and crocodiles—sleep，however，not all species sleep alike. Scientists have long puzzled over which aspects are truly fundamental. Now a new study on lizards(蜥蜴)suggests that sleep states once thought to occur only in mammals and birds have much older evolutionary origins.

Scientists had long doubted that birds and mammals are the only vertebrates(脊椎动物)to experience rapid eye movement(REM)，a sleep state in which the body is mostly immobile but the brain is overworking. During REM sleep，the brain produces high-frequency waves of electrical activity and the eyes turn suddenly from time to time. In humans，REM is closely linked to dreaming. REM is a pattern of slow-wave sleep，a state in which brain activity weakens and the waves become more consistent. This slower state is widely thought to be important to memory formation and storage.

“But scientists who looked for signs of REM and slow-wave sleep in reptiles(爬行动物) have had‘confusing’results，”says Gilles Laurent，a neuroscientist at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt，Germany. So he and his colleagues had planned to examine how the lizards—a common pet in Germany use visual information to chase treats. Using camera，the team found that the sleeping lizards’eyes twitched during the REM-like stage，just like other animals. They also found a very familiar pattern within the slower phase of the lizards’brain waves. Some scientists believe these waves help transform new information into memories by replaying past events quickly.

Although more studies are still needed to determine whether the function of these brain wave patterns is the same across species，the results suggest that these REM and slow-wave sleep patterns could date all the way back to the common ancestor of reptiles，birds，and mammals.

【1】What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A.The origin of human dream.

B.The definition and effect of REM.

C.The features and course of memory.

D.The advantages and disadvantages of REM.

【2】Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“twitched”in paragraph 3 ?

A.opened wide B.moved quickly

C.stayed closed D.kept still

【3】How does the lizards’brain waves turn information into memories according to some scienfists?

A.By increasing their frequency slowly.

B.By changing their pattern occasionally.

C.By playing back the past events quickly.

D.By connecting visual information effectively.

【4】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.The function of the brain wave is the same.

B.All the animals have the common ancestor.

C.The sleep pattern of all the animals is the same.

D.The study about sleep pattern has a long way to go.

23、Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green, sustainable fuels. The universe’s most abundant element, hydrogen (氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel.

More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020, according to Reuters. Airbus, a European multinational aerospace corporation, has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights, which aim to achieve zero emissions. The company plans to launch hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2035, according to Daily Mail.

Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50. This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs, according to Australia’s renewable energy agency.

Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, given that needs to be chilled to -253℃ to do so. Japan’s Kawasaki Heavy Industries is set to complete the construction of the world’s first liquefied hydrogen carrier by early 2021. According to Reuters, most of the world’s big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨), which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only -33 C.

With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can’t be electrified hit the targets.

“We could use these circumstances, where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system, to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy,” said Diederik Samsom, who heads the European Commission’s climate cabinet.

【1】What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel?

A．It works very efficiently.

B．It is convenient to store.

C．It is environmentally friendly.

D．It produces no by-product.

【2】What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen?

A．The expensive cost of shipping.

B．The required temperature.

C．The construction of liquefied carriers.

D．Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia.

【3】In which industries does green hydrogen benefit for?

A．Those powered by fossil fuels.

B．Those generating electricity.

C．Those funded by public money.

D．Those making hydrogen.

【4】What is the most suitable title for the passage?

A．Fueling a Green Future

B．Living a Green Life.

C．Shipping Liquid Hydrogen

D．Making Hydrogen Competitive

24、It was reported last week that developers could take photos from Apple mobile and Google Android devices without the phone owners knowing that the images were being taken. In Apple’s case, developers can also obtain the location information for each photo.

Senator(参议员) Charles Schumer said in a telephone interview that his office had spoken with officials at both Apple and Google on Monday.

“We asked them if they could find a way on their own to prevent Apple from having access to private information,” Mr. Schumer said. “They were friendly and open to the idea that this ought to be changed.”

On Sunday, Mr. Schumer said that he planned to send a letter to the Federal Trade Commission asking the agency to investigate Apple and Google after the privacy concerns came to light. Claudia Bourne Farrell, an F.T.C. spokeswoman, said the agency had received the letter but she could not comment further.

“It worries people to think that one’s personal photos, address book, and who knows what else can be obtained and even posted online without permission,” Mr. Schumer wrote in his letter to the F. T.C. “If the technology exists to open the door to this kind of privacy invasion, then surely technology exists to close it, and that’s exactly what must happen.”

Mr. Schumer said if Apple and Google could not come to an agreement to fix the problem, then he would be forced to take the issue further.

He said other companies had been willing to work with his office to fix issues. “I’m optimistic that we can get this changed without any regulation,” he said. “If it’s not changed, then we’ll turn to the F.T.C., and if that doesn’t work then we’ll consider legislative approach.”

The F.T.C. has warned companies to try to be more vigilant(警醒的) in their efforts to protect consumers when it comes to privacy.

【1】The senators spoke with officials at both Apple and Google_______.

A. to urge them not to invade consumers’ privacy.

B. to discuss whether it is illegal to have access to private information.

C. to stop them from developing the technology of taking photos.

D. to keep them from obtaining the location information for each photo.

【2】Which of the following statements is True?

A. Privacy invasion from Apple has existed for a long time.

B. Mr. Schumer takes the privacy concerns caused by Apple and Google seriously.

C. Privacy invasion from Google has existed for a long time.

D. Apple and Google have decided to make a change.

【3】Mr. Schumer’s letter to the F.T.C. mainly shows that the technology to open the door to privacy invasion_______.

A. causes privacy invasion to happen frequently.

B. can be used if permitted.

C. causes people to worry about the safety of their personal information.

D. causes personal information to be posted online without permission.

【4】Where can we read about the passage?

A. In a newspaper.

B. In a magazine.

C. In a science report.

D. In a textbook.

25、The day had started out as usual for Mrs. Ito until the late afternoon when the news of destructive tsunami came over the radio.

Mrs. Ito felt ______ in her house. Her small home was built on the property that ______ escaped the terrible 1946 wave that destroyed Hilo. Many lost their lives, then. But the waves did not reach her home.

At last, 12:30a.m. came as the radio warning had said but ______ happened. Passers-by said that the tsunami must have ______the islands. Mrs. Ito went into her room and looked down the street. It was ______. Suddenly, a flash- like lighting lit the sky. The first wave of the tsunami burst Hilo’s electric power plant, and all the lights______.

______she knew it, the wave roared into her house. She was ______to the floor as her house begun to spin and finally tore apart.______, Mrs. Ito grasped for anything to stay above water when the floorboards opened up and she became______in what used to be her home. She struggled out of the boards and______to squeeze free. Then she blacked out.

When she woke up, she______herself floating on something in the water. There she was, a 62- year- old widow who couldn’t swim, hung on______to her tiny makeshift raft. At sunrise, she______two boats on the horizon. But it was too far away. She thought that ______was just a matter of time. But anyhow, Mrs. Ito was finally seen and saved.

【1】

A．anxious

B．alone

C．safe

D．satisfied

【2】

A．thoroughly

B．luckily

C．accidentally

D．slightly

【3】

A．everything

B．something

C．anything

D．nothing

【4】

A．missed

B．passed

C．preserved

D．reached

【5】

A．quiet

B．calm

C．dark

D．gloomy

【6】

A．turned on

B．went out

C．took over

D．set off

【7】

A．Before

B．After

C．When

D．As

【8】

A．rooted

B．blown

C．frozen

D．knocked

【9】

A．Fortunately

B．Hardly

C．Desperately

D．Hopefully

【10】

A．flooded

B．hidden

C．trapped

D．lost

【11】

A．attempted

B．prepared

C．determined

D．managed

【12】

A．imagined

B．caught

C．found

D．left

【13】

A．closely

B．loosely

C．straight

D．tight

【14】

A．stopped

B．spotted

C．watched

D．grabbed

【15】

A．death

B．misfortune

C．survival

D．hope

26、假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Tom要来南充参观，想让你给他推荐一家酒店。请你给他写封邮件:，内容要点如下:

1.酒店的位置:

2. 推荐的理由；

注意: 1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom.

I'm more than pleased to hear

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua