2025-2026年广西柳州初一下册期末英语试卷

1、The reason ______ girls outperform boys at all levels of education is ______ girls mature faster than boys and are more disciplined and conscientious.

A.why, because B.how, that C.how, because D.why, that

2、Today the Red Cross provides a number of services for the public, such as helping people   , teaching first aid and providing blood.

A.in need B.in return C.in preparation D.in anger

3、If there are any such adjustments it would suggest that investors had interpreted the information in a biased fashion and hence in a(n) _____ manner.

A.efficient B.unefficient C.non-efficient D.inefficient

4、People with simple names enjoy quicker career advancement because names which are hard to pronounce inspire negative ________ from superiors.

A． considerations  B． consequences

C． expectations   D． reactions

5、Look！Every player in our team is doing their best.It seems________our team is going to win.

A．even if B．if only

C．as if   D．only if

6、The engine just won’t start. Something seems ______ wrong with it.

A.to go B.to have gone

C.going D.having gone

7、Ray is a new graduate, and ________ seems that he has difficulty in dealing with ________ problems arise.

A．what, whichever

B．what, whenever

C．it, whatever

D．it, wherever

8、I have to say ______ the boy that he actually didn’t break the school rule.

A. in honor of B. in defense of

C. in favor of D. in celebration of

9、Only when the circuit breaker mechanism was triggered________what a negative impact the epidemic had made on the country’s economy.

A.had they realized B.they realized C.they realize D.did they realize

10、Last month L.A.declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.

A.state B.condition C.situation D.circumstance

11、Human beings are different from animals________they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A．in which

B．in that

C．for that

D．for which

12、A true gentleman won’t pretend to have those absurd manners which are necessary ______ we call the upper class.

A. who B. in which

C. in what D. which

13、With the COVID-19 ______ quickly around the globe, the whole world are in a(n) ______ of shock.

A.gathering, condition B.spreading, state

C.to spread, approach D.to gather, style

14、In G7 Summit held in Canada, divisions between USA and other countries, in some critics’ opinion, were just papered over but by no means ________ .

A. they were fully solved B. they had been fully solved

C. were they fully solved D. had they been fully solved

15、It is said that there are ten foreign students in our school. One is from America, _______ is from Australia and all ______ students are from England.

A. another; the others B. one; another C. another; the other D. one; other’s

16、Germany ______ war on France on August 3rd, 1914.

A.discussed B.opened C.happened D.declared

17、Previous problems or bad experiences with test-taking can be an invitation _____ a worse performance in the next test.

A. with B. in C. beyond D. to

18、There are ten ______ men in wheelchairs listening to the stories.

A.disabled B.disability C.disable D.disabling

19、Don’t allow the Internet to control your life   it is widely used in many ways.

A.as if B.even if

C.so long as D.in case

20、I had just got up and was about to cook my breakfast______ the telephone rang loudly.

A. while B. when C. as D. before

21、Time _________, we will pay a visit to him before we leave.

A. permit B. permitted

C. to permit D. permitting

22、The manager __________the company’s accounts, looking for evidence of fraud(诈骗).

A.looked through B.got through C.break through D.went through

23、It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet.

A.will fight B.fought C.would fight D.fight

24、Inside the window hangs a _____ carved out of this piece of wood by the artist.

A.decoration B.destination C.departure D.discipline

25、Fully _______ in looking after three small children, she cannot speak to you at the moment.

A.occupied B.being occupied C.occupying D.being occupying

26、   It was New Year’s night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than himself now moved towards their certain goal―the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regret. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.

The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads―one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.

He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, “O youth, return! O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I’ll choose the better way ! “ But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.

He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His remorse, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this New Year’s night.

The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents’ early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: “Come back, my early days! Come back!”

And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year’s night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.

Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: “O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”

【1】In the 3rd paragraph, the man cried painfully because _____________.

A.all the hopeless people were moving towards death.

B.he had lost forever the chance to take the right road.

C.his parents and the happy days of his youth were gone.

D.he refused to take the road leading to a deep dark cave.

【2】What happened to the man before his sudden realization?

A.He was at his father’s funeral farewell.

B.He was enjoying the New Years’ eve.

C.He was wandering at the entrance to life.

D.He was having a dream of his life in old age.

【3】We can infer from the story that_______________.

A.the man’s childhood friends led a joyful life liek him.

B.the man still had the opportunity to choose the right way.

C.both the man’s parents passed away when he was young.

D.the man’s father was aquite strict with his son before death.

【4】The passage is mainly written for ________________.

A.a new driver getting lost on a detour(兜圈子)

B.a concerned mother with two children to raise

C.a childhood friend with great successs

D.a hesitating young adult facing a tough life choice

27、   Tourism wasn’t as important as it is today. In the past, only people with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to your countries. More people travel today than in the past because there is growing middle class in many parts of the world; that is to say, people now have more money for travel. Special plane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and more attractive than ever before .One person  doesn’t travel for the same reason as another. But most people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also like to meet new people and to taste new food.

Tourism causes many changes in a country and in people’s lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train native men and women as guides to show visitors interesting places.  There’re  new  nightclubs  and  other  amusements. International tourism is clearly a big business.

【1】In the old days _______ could travel to other countries.

A.boys and girls, men or women, young or old

B.either kings or queens

C.both the poor and the rich

D.nobody but those who had money

【2】More people travel today than in the past because________.

A.people have become interested in traveling.

B.traveling today is easier than in the past.

C.people now have spare money for travel.

D.great changes have taken place in the world.

【3】What makes travel more attractive than before?

A.Travel by air to other countries is much cheaper today.

B.More guides are being trained to show beautiful spots.

C.Modern telegraph(电报) lines make travel less expensive.

D.New hotels and restaurants have been built.

【4】Which of the following statements is true according to the article?

A.Tourism won’t bring any changes in people’s mind.

B.People have some trouble in making journey.

C.With the development of tourism, great changes have taken place in many parts in the world.

D.Tourism causes only some changes in clothing.

28、   Birdbrain has long been a term when laughing at somebody. The common opinion is that birds’ brains are simple. But that opinion has increasingly been called into question because crows and parrots, among other birds, have shown behaviors as smart as that of chimpanzees.

The conflict of simple brain and complex behavior has led some neuroscientists (神经学家) to create a new map of the birdbrain.

Today, in the journal Nature Neuroscience Reviews, an international group of bird experts is showing their opinion. Nearly everything written in anatomy (解剖学) textbooks about the brains of birds is wrong, they say. The bird brain is as complex, and creative as any mammal brain, they argue, and it’s time to use a more exact term that shows a new understanding of the anatomies of bird and mammal brains.

“Names have a powerful influence on the experiments we do and the way we think,” said Dr. Erich, a neuroscientist at Duke University and a leader of the Bird Brain Terms Association. “Old term has prevented scientific progress.”

The association of 29 scientists from six countries met for seven years to develop new, more exact names for structures in both bird and mammal brains. For example, the bird’s seat of intelligence or its higher brain is now named the pallium (大脑皮层).

“The change of terms is a great advance,” said Dr. Jon Kaas, a leading expert in neuroanatomy at Vanderbih University. “It’s hard to get scientists to agree about anything.”

Scientists have come to agree that birds are indeed smart, but those who study bird intelligence differ on how birds got that way. Experts are split into two warring camps. One holds that birds’ brains make the same kinds of internal (内在的) connections as do mammal brains and that intelligence in both groups arises from these connections. The other holds that bird intelligence developed through increasing an old part of the mammal brain and using it in new ways and it questions how developed that intelligence is.

【1】According to paragraph 1, ________.

A.birds can be taught by scientists

B.chimpanzees are smarter than birds

C.crows and parrots, like other birds, are funny

D.birds aren’t as stupid as people thought before

【2】The reason that some neuroscientists create a new map of the bird brain is ________.

A.they try to find out why birdbrain is so simple but their behavior so complex

B.they are anxious to know why the brains of birds are so complex

C.they want to make clear of the structure of birdbrain

D.they find that the birds’ behavior is very strange

【3】In Paragraph 4, Dr. Erich expresses his opinion that ________.

A.the names of the university is very important

B.the names of birds may influence people’s thoughts

C.the names of scientists are powerful for the experiment

D.a technical term may affect a particular field and subject

【4】The last paragraph tells us that ________.

A.birds and other mammals have close connections

B.birds and other mammals come from the same family

C.scientists have different ideas about how birds get intelligence

D.some scientists cannot agree that birds are as smart as other mammals

29、Fire Prevention Information

The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers(灭火器).They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm purl stations and the two exits nearest your room.

Fire Alarms

The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.

Fire Drills

A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill,please do the following:

Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.

Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.

Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.

Fire Extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.

Smoke Detector

A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:

If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.

Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.

If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke,inform your hall staff.

【1】What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?

A.To provide part-time jobs for students.

B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.

C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.

D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals..

【2】What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?

A.Pipes and smoke detectors.

B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.

C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.

D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations

【3】What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?

A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.

B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.

C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.

D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.

30、When I was twelve years old, my father took me to see Zig Ziegler. I remember sitting in that dark auditorium listening to Mr. Zigler raise everyone’s _______up to die ceiling. I left there saying, “Dad, I want to make people feel like that.” My father asked me what I _______ . “I want to be a motivational speaker just like Mr. Zigler, ” I replied. A _______ was born.

Recently, I began pursuing my dream of _______ others. After a four — year relationship with a major fortune 100 company as a regional sales manager, I left the company at the _______of my career. Many people were shocked that I would leave after earning a six-figure income. And they asked why I would _______ everything for a dream.

I made my decision to start my own company and leave my secure _______ after attending a regional sales meeting. The vice-president of our company _______ a speech that changed my life. I realized that everything I had _______ the graduate degree, the successful sales career, managing for a fortune 100 company had ________ me for this moment. I was ready to become a motivational speaker.

When I tearfully told my boss my ________, this incredible leader whom I respect so much replied, “________ with confidence and you will be successful”.

Having made that decision, I was immediately ________. One week after I gave notice, my husband was ________ from his job. We needed both incomes to ________ the monthly mortgage payment(抵押贷款). It was ________ to go back to my former company, but I didn’t. I decided I still wanted to move forward ________ end up with a mouth full of “if onlys” later on. A motivational speaker was born.

When I held ________ to my dream, even during the tough times, the miracles really began to happen. In a short time period my husband found a better job. And I was able to book several ________ engagements with new clients. I discovered the incredible power of dreams. To celebrate my success I had a local artist paint my new office as a garden. At the top of one wall she painted, “The world always ________the dreamer.”

【1】

A．efforts

B．hopes

C．spirits

D．brains

【2】

A．meant

B．recognized

C．concluded

D．found

【3】

A．curiosity

B．dream

C．purpose

D．challenge

【4】

A．handling

B．caring

C．inspiring

D．promising

【5】

A．point

B．heart

C．end

D．height

【6】

A．risk

B．exchange

C．lose

D．refuse

【7】

A．reputation

B．position

C．spot

D．future

【8】

A．wrote

B．prepared

C．heard

D．delivered

【9】

A．accomplished

B．imagined

C．arranged

D．recommended

【10】

A．trained

B．saved

C．prepared

D．pushed

【11】

A．words

B．plans

C．jobs

D．issues

【12】

A．Turn around

B．Come over

C．Stay up

D．Go ahead

【13】

A．tested

B．warned

C．reminded

D．touched

【14】

A．taken off

B．called off

C．laid off

D．put off

【15】

A．earn

B．make

C．return

D．borrow

【16】

A．causal

B．interesting

C．scaring

D．attractive

【17】

A．rather than

B．or rather

C．as well as

D．or else

【18】

A．deep

B．fast

C．close

D．still

【19】

A．working

B．investing

C．speaking

D．learning

【20】

A．take aim at

B．pay attention to

C．keep contact with

D．make ways for

31、From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏演唱会). A recital _____I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I _____ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) _________about build self-confidence and working toward a ________.

So it was with really great______that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and ______my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt ______rising to play the piano in his very first recital.

My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t _________lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, _______too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ________there. When he retired three years ago, he _____ his church music director to take him as a student.

For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he ______stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the ______? I worried, remembering those split seconds______ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would _______. But then came the beautiful melody(旋律)，from the _____fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines. And I______he had been doing what music teachers always stress:___ _____the music and pretend the others aren’t there.

“I’m ________of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff.

“Yeah, and doing it so______,” Jeff added.

With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.

【1】

A．reflected

B．explained

C．meant

D．proved

【2】

A．would

B．could

C．might

D．should

【3】

A．nothing

B．everything

C．anything

D．something

【4】

A．goal

B．stage

C．journey

D．chance

【5】

A．trouble

B．satisfaction

C．strength

D．disappointment

【6】

A．kept

B．sent

C．watched

D．felt

【7】

A．through

B．from

C．against

D．before

【8】

A．miss

B．afford

C．select

D．understand

【9】

A．as

B．once

C．if

D．while

【10】

A．educated

B．protected

C．stuck

D．spoilt

【11】

A．allowed

B．invited

C．inspired

D．persuaded

【12】

A．roughly

B．simply

C．merrily

D．curiously

【13】

A．words

B．videos

C．notes

D．lessons

【14】

A．decades

B．weeks

C．hours

D．moments

【15】

A．play

B．freeze

C．click

D．adjust

【16】

A．same

B．warm

C．different

D．dirty

【17】

A．predicted

B．realized

C．imagined

D．insisted

【18】

A．pass over

B．turn up

C．bring in

D．concentrate on

【19】

A．ashamed

B．aware

C．tired

D．proud

【20】

A．casually

B．anxiously

C．nicely

D．frequently

32、   In France, a bookstore chain has put a special camera in its shops. The system feeds a video stream to software which_______shoppers’ movements and facial expressions for surprise, dissatisfaction, confusion or hesitation. When a shopper walks to the end of an aisle（货架通道） only to_______with a frown to a particular bookshelf, the software messages_______, who then go to help. For the eight months leading up to this April, sales rose_______a tenth.

The bookseller wants to keep its name_______for now. Similarly，other French clients of the Paris startup behind the technology, Angus.ai, are_______it in stores which are not open to the public. They_______ airport owner Aéroports de Paris, the luxury-goods giant LVMH, and Carrefour, the supermarkets chain.

Simple video produces a lot of insights, but there are far more complicated ways of learning about shoppers’_______. Thermal-imaging (热成像的) cameras_______detect heart rates. Wirelessly collected data from smartphone accelerometers (加速度传感器) can suggest when shoppers become fascinated (movement stops) or are unhappy about________(a phone is raised to search for cheaper products online). For even more insights, shoppers are sometimes asked to put on special equipment, typically in exchange for a ________or reward of another kind.

All of this could be a(n)________, some say, for sellers to enjoy the advantage that big data has long given online sellers. A race is________to work out how best to________and use emotional data, thus improving packaging, displays, music, or the content and timing of persuading customers into buying goods.

Using technology is much less________than old-fashioned interviewing. Nielson, a consumer-research giant, charges around $10,000 to interview 25 shoppers about three products. Angus. ai’ s service costs just $66 a month per camera. Sometimes,________market surveys may ask the wrong questions. What’s more, they can give misleading________. People typically change their responses intentionally to make themselves sound sensible,________purchases are often driven by subconscious (潜意识的) emotions.

One obvious________of shopping’s emotional side is the idea of “retail therapy” — consumers driven to spend when they are feeling blue. Whichever store is the first to spot mildly________customers could make a fortune!

【1】A.receives B.analyzes C.designs D.delivers

【2】A.return B.nod C.yell D.sit

【3】A.guards B.officials C.secretaries D.clerks

【4】A.to B.at C.for D.by

【5】A.present B.different C.quiet D.famous

【6】A.testing B.improving C.leading D.leaving

【7】A.contain B.include C.list D.involve

【8】A.ideas B.preferences C.choices D.emotions

【9】A.must B.need C.can D.should

【10】A.services B.prices C.qualities D.packages

【11】A.product B.value C.discount D.activity

【12】A.challenge B.chance C.alternative D.routine

【13】A.on B.off C.up D.in

【14】A.store B.process C.collect D.share

【15】A.mature B.popular C.attractive D.expensive

【16】A.traditional B.ordinary C.original D.historical

【17】A.impressions B.suggestions C.results D.promotions

【18】A.because B.while C.though D.unless

【19】A.change B.imitation C.example D.signal

【20】A.satisfied B.affected C.confused D.depressed

33、   I went to India for a 2-week vacation to visit my relatives. We stopped on a red light, and as always, there were a lot of activities outside the cars near the _______ . People walked in between the cars_________ newspaper, water and a number of kids looked for a bit of charity from the car owners. It' s a familiar   ___________in most poor developing countries.

While we were_______for the red light to turn green, I noticed a man outside a couple of ___________  in front of ours trying to sell bottles of water. It's  _________  unusual at first. He was a man in his 40s with relatively ___________clothes. But he walked around in a strange way. He kind of _________ his way around the spaces. He was blind.

Carrying a couple of water bottles on one hand, he _________  got to the outside of our car. Out of____________, my mum decided to buy one water bottle. As she gave the man the money, the light turned green. The cars behind sounded loudly and ____________  , trying to get ahead of traffic. Seeing this, my mum kindly told the man to ____________the change. However, with his superior sense of touch, he quickly ______________ his shirt pocket and threw the money at my mum's__________________ . It was the exact change. The cars behind us were really getting out of control ____________we decided to go on our way.

I____________and even cried when I got home. Here's a blind man, born in____________trying to sell water bottles on the streets to make ends meet. He ____________ our sympathy. Life hasn't been   ______________ to him, yet he's giving it his best shot. I think that is what  ______________ is all about, facing life bravely.

【1】A.signs B.crossroads C.stations D.theatrer

【2】A.giving B.buying C.selling D.throwing

【3】A.scene B.play C.position D.street

【4】A.watching B.asking C.waiting D.changing

【5】A.blocks B.crossings C.turns D.cars

【6】A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing

【7】A.expensive B.fashionable C.ragged D.splendid

【8】A.pushed B.drove C.cleared D.felt

【9】A.eventually B.quickly C.frequently D.happily

【10】A.curiosity B.sympathy C.thirst D.politeness

【11】A.impatiently B.casually C.naturally D.carefully

【12】A.keep B.return C.borrow D.count

【13】A.searched for B.went through C.turned over D.looked for

【14】A.hand B.arm  C.face D.lap

【15】A.still B.yet C.so D.but

【16】A.gave up B.set off C.held on D.broke down

【17】A.pain  B.poverty C.sadness D.loneliness

【18】A.refused B.enjoyed C.doubted D.cheated

【19】A.rich B.unfair C.kind D.bad

【20】A.kindness B.courage C.experience D.challenge

34、A: Excuse me, do you know where the chemistry lab is?

B: Yes. It’s just on the fifth floor of this b【1】.

A: How often do you do c【2】experiments there?

B: Twice a week.

A: Can you go there without a t【3】?

B: No. That’s not allowed.

A: What does the teacher often tell you to do when you are doing an e【4】?

B: He often tells us to look c【5】and follow the i【6】.

A: What will you do when you finish the experiment?

B: We must put e【7】back in the cupboards and wash our hands.

A: Right. It is very i【8】to keep the lab clean.

B: Yes, safe as well. We must turn off the e【9】before l【10】the lab.

35、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

36、阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

Wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic p【1】 the spread of the deadly virus. But it is also i【2】. For one, we can no longer unlock our phones using facial recognition since a good part of our face is c【3】.

F【4】, tech companies are working to solve the problem. Apple, for example, offered a new way to unlock your iPhone and iPad with its l【5】 software update, iOS13.5, w【6】 was released on May 20.

Even though the update still won’t recognize your masked face, it makes the whole process f【7】. While the old system wouldn’t allow access t【8】 the passcode screen before three failed face scan attempts, iOS13.5 will send you straight to the passcode screen when you swipe up.

It might only s【9】 you a few seconds, but those few seconds “benefit public health by eliminating the temptation for people to r【10】 their masks in order to unlock their device”.

37、课文填空

The Sundance Film Festival 【1】 boycotts all Hollywood films, and we don’t foresee ever including them. The initial idea for our festival was 【2】 back in l978. when it was known as the Utah/US Film Festival. However, it was not well known until 1981. It was then that Robert Redford became its 【3】 and changed the focus to independent films, often made on very modest 【4】 It was given its new name-the Sundance Film Festival-in 1991. Redford has acted in and directed many big Hollywood films, but wanted to 【5】 the public to films made outside of the Hollywood system

38、假如你是张文，你的美国笔友Jack—家人要来扬州度暑假，特别来信询问特色旅游的情况。请你给他回复一封电子邮件。内容包括：

1. 推荐地点；

2. 推荐理由。

注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

39、假定你是李华，请用英语给目前仍在英国的你校交换生 Peter写一封邮件，介绍在疫情期间，你们的网络学习情况并请他跟进学习。内容包括：

1.网络学习的原因；

2.网络学习的方式；

3.表达祝福。

注意：1.词数100字左右

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

3.开头结尾已经写好，不计入总字数

参考词汇：2019冠状病毒病COVD-19；钉钉 Ding Talk

Dear Peter，

How’s everything going?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

40、假如你是李华，你的朋友Charlie邀请你下周五去他就读的国际学校参加文化交流活动，并就中国饮食文化做简要发言，但你因故不能参加，请根据以下要点写一封信：

1. 表示歉意；

2. 说明理由；

3. 另荐好友。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

41、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对你校正在举行的“中华好书分享”活动很感兴趣，希望你介绍此活动，并推荐好书。请你写封信，内容包括：

1.该活动的意义；

2.同学们参与的情况；

3.你推荐的书籍及理由。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。