郴州2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高二英语

1、According to the report, this virus was never known_____ it was accidentally found by a doctor.

A.unless B.since C.after D.until

2、I'm not sure where my necklace is, but I have a pretty good idea who________it．

A. take   B. took

C. had taken   D. will take

3、After a successful operation, Jim is beginning to___ and will soon come back to school.

A. pick up   B. wake up

C. grow up   D. show up

4、 --Jack, how can I turn on this iPod?

--_______

A. Allow me!   B. So what?

C. Hold on   D. Nothing much.

5、The recipe book may tell you to add butter, but for those on a diet, there are a number of low-fat ______ that can be used in this soup.

A.alternatives B.selections C.productions D.utensils

6、—Have you informed your dad of the suggestions given by the expert?

— Of course. ____ I came home.

A. So long as B. If only

C. Any time  D. The moment

7、The two men were ________ the heavy trunk for nearly ten minutes, trying to get it up the stairs.

A.toying with B.interfering with C.wrestling with D.conflicting with

8、Ten minutes earlier________, we could have avoided missing the early bus.

A. or   B. but   C. and   D. so

9、You’d better leave out anything, when writing your resume for application, ________ is thought unnecessary or misleading.

A. that   B. what   C. which   D. where

10、Make the best of your precious time and study harder — this time next year you _______ the colorful campus life in your dream university!

A. will enjoy   B. are enjoying

C. will have enjoyed   D. will be enjoying

11、—It is reported that the Shanghai auto show stops using models. How about yours?

—We will_______.

A. follow suit

B. sink or swim together

C. set eyes on it

D. get to the bottom of it

12、Left ____ in the reading room alone quite by accident, the boy felt nervous.

A. locking B. having locked

C. to lock D. locked

13、There is often disagreement on ____ is the better student. James or Celina?

A. who   B. what   C. that   D. whose

14、The agreements, _______ from culture and education to special training programs, will play a key role in the China-Latin America partnership.

A. ranged   B. having ranged

C. ranging   D. to range

15、There are plenty of jobs ________ in the western part of the country.

A．present

B．available

C．precious

D．convenient

16、Food safety is _______ important, so the government spares no effort to prevent food pollution.

A．highly

B．reasonally

C．strongly

D．naturally

17、But for the fact that I_ an unexpected visitor, I _____to the lecture．

A．had had/would go

B．had/must go

C．had/would have gone

D．had had/must have gone

18、 Despite its little nutrition, the instant noodle is delicious and a hunger killer, so it__________since its birth.

A. is developed B. develops

C. had developed   D. has been developing

19、---- Can I sit in the front row?

----Yes, you can take ________ seat you like.

A. whatever   B. what

C. whichever   D. which

20、My phone ________ have been stolen while I was taking a bus. I can't find it anywhere.

A. can    B. must    C. should        D. would

21、Like all mammals, whales need to sleep in order to survive. But they are also air breathers, meaning that they cannot sleep in the water all the time. There are around 90 different types of whale, which can hold their breath for about an hour, depending on the species. However, they usually travel up to the surface to breathe every 15 minutes. 【1】

Some scientists have found that whales cannot become fully unconscious or they would drown. To deal with living in the water full-time while having to breathe air, these air-breathers have evolved into voluntary ones, as a way to prevent accidentally breathing in water at inopportune moments. 【2】 Therefore, they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.

Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet. 【3】 They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time. This particular way of sleeping can be seen most clearly in captive (圈养的) whales. When whales are sleeping, they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open.

【4】 Some species, like sperm whales, enter a deeper sleep where they hang in groups, vertically, not too far below the surface for just over an hour. Other species, such as the humpback whales, have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes. 【5】 And, killer whales, which are very socially complex, never swim too far from the other members of their pod, sleeping in close groups.

A．So how exactly do they get any sleep?

B．They continue to swim slowly and regularly.

C．They won’t lose their body temperature by staying still.

D．It’s an interesting dilemma for wholly ocean air breathers.

E．This sleeping technique varies slightly among species, however.

F．Whales consciously control their blowholes with powerful muscles.

G．Sperm whales in particular have the biggest brain of any living mammal.

22、A new study suggests that smoke from wildfires can change how clouds store water and could lead to less rainfall. The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity.

Clouds contain a collection of water droplets (微滴) that form from vapor in the atmosphere. When these droplets condense (凝结) onto each other within a cloud，they become heavier and eventually fall as rain. But the water condensation process requires a solid substance for the vapor to attach to. Different kinds of particles rising up from the Earth’s surface can reach clouds and make this process possible.

The new study found that smoke from wildfires contains small particles that affect the way droplets form in clouds. The main effect was the number of water droplets formed. The team reported that smoky clouds contained about five times the number of droplets as non-smoky clouds. But data also showed that the droplets in smoky clouds were much smaller, about half the size of those in the clouds without wildfire smoke.

It is that size difference, the researchers say, that could reduce the amount of rainfall. This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as rain. “Because of their small droplet sizes, these smoky clouds are expected to reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air,” the study states.

The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the western U. S. may in fact lead to less rain and more drought, the researchers said. “We were surprised at how effective these primarily organic particles were at forming cloud droplets and what large impacts they had on the microphysics (微观物理) of the clouds,” said Cynthia Twohy, leader of the new study.

Twohy also noted that different kinds of clouds behave differently. The current study examined changes in small cumulus clouds. Other kinds that sit much higher in the atmosphere can cause heavy storms, she said. Twohy added, “I am hoping these results will lead to detailed regional modeling studies that will help us understand the actual impact of smoke on clouds and climate.”

【1】Why did the researchers conduct the study?

A．They aren’t sure how water droplets form from vapor.

B．There is a great climate change in America.

C．The US has serious drought after wildfires.

D．They wonder how smoky clouds appear.

【2】What is a characteristic of smoky clouds?

A．They tend to reflect more light.

B．They often have lower temperatures than others.

C．They contain more droplets which are larger in size.

D．They have fewer particles for the vapor to attach to.

【3】What could smoky clouds lead to according to the text?

A．Less rainfall.

B．Much cooler weather.

C．Fewer windy days.

D．More storms.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A．There are many reasons for the US drought.

B．Wildfire smoke can make clouds produce less rain.

C．Organic particles play an important role in forming clouds.

D．Humans have to face the serious consequences of wildfires.

23、   Fire ants tunnels get dug efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work, thus avoiding pileups in tight spaces. What about the freeloaders? They just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done. But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer could be yes—at least when it comes to fire ants and their efforts to dig nests underground.

Fire ants are highly social creatures. So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldman's team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnels—barely wide enough for two workers. It turned out that just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor. "I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time." A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnels. Others moved inside, but left without digging a single grain of dirt. These behaviors ensured the crowded tunnels did not get blocked with insect traffic, which would put the construction process to a stop.

And when the scientists removed the five hardest-working ants from the site, others immediately jumped in to take up their positions-with no reduction in the group's productivity. It seems that it doesn't matter which ants are working or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings appeared in the journal Science.

The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search the ruins for disaster survivors or nanobots coursing through our bodies to detect illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces.

【1】Why are only a few ants needed to do the digging work?

A.To give full play to the able. B.To take care of the old ones.

C.To improve their work efficiency. D.To free some ants to do other work.

【2】How did Goldman carry out the research?

A.By direct observation. B.By classification.

C.By citing previous data. D.By handing out questionnaires.

【3】What does Goldman's research indicate?

A.Individuals matter in work. B.Many hands make light work.

C.Good leadership guarantees productivity. D.Specific division of labor boosts efficiency.

【4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.Robots are not suitable for team work. B.Smaller robots should be used to treat patients.

C.More robots have to be sent to do rescue work. D.Some robots should be programmed to freeload.

24、You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.

“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd,” Gray told the BBC. “They are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”

We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.

He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.

If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.

When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.

New entrants(新进入者) to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.

Why are we so awkward in lifts?

“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”

In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.

【1】The main purpose of the article is to______.

A. remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevator

B. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette

C. share an interesting but awkward elevator ride

D. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator

【2】According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _____.

A. turn around and greet one another

B. look around or examine their phone

C. make eye contact with those in the elevator

D. try to keep a distance from other people

【3】Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least

two people in an elevator?

【4】The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. judge B. ignore

C. put up with   D. make the best of

【5】According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _____.

A. someone’s odd behaviors

B. the lack of space

C. their unfamiliarity with one another

D. their eye contact with one another

25、   It was New Year's night. An aged man was standing at the window. The days of his youth appeared like dream before him, and he _____ the serious moment when his father placed him at the ____ of the two roads: one leading to a peaceful, sunny place _____ with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs, and the other leading to a deep dark cave which was ______, and where poison flowed and snakes crawled.

He looked towards the sky and cried ___ Oh youth, return! Oh, my father, place me once more at the entrance to life and I'll ___ the better way! "But both his father and the days of his youth had ___ .

He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness, and these were the days of his wasted life. He saw a star __ from the sky and disappeared, and this was the _____ of himself. His ______, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, which entered life together with him. But they had made their way to _____ and were now ______ and happy on this New Year's night.

The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents' early____for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way with ___and grief so that he dared no longer to look towards the __ where his father lived. His __ eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing（绝望的）effort, he burst out a cry:" Come back, my early days! Come back!"

And his youth did _____ ,for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's night. He was still young though his faults were real. He had not yet entered the deep dark cave, and he was _______free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.

Those who still linger on（徘徊）the entrance of life _____ to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble（绊倒）on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but ______ ."Oh youth return! Oh give me back my early days! ”

【1】A.recorded B.recalled C.doubted D.dreamt

【2】A.entrance B.end C.middle D.top

【3】A.filled B.covered C.grew D.dropped

【4】A.bright B.amazing C.Common D.endless

【5】A.loudly B.painfully C.happily D.continuously

【6】A.abandon B.build C.choose D.change

【7】A.washed away B.passed away C.ran away D.broke away

【8】A.fall B.rise C.freeze D.shine

【9】A.quality B.harvest C.means D.symbol

【10】A.sword B.regret C.pride D.feeling

【11】A.success B.cave C.failure D.reality

【12】A.worried B.deserted C.honored D.frightened

【13】A.love B.misleading C.anxiety D.scold

【14】A.joy B.heart C.care D.shame

【15】A.heaven B.cemetery C.hell D.house

【16】A.dried B.darkened C.lighted D.satisfied

【17】A.disappear B.remain C.return D.promise

【18】A.never B.still C.hardly D.always

【19】A.hesitating B.deciding C.refusing D.claiming

【20】A.in brief B.in surprise C.in use D.in vain

26、 书面表达

假设你是李华, 你所在的学校最近浪费现象很严重，比如长流水、长明灯等。为此学校向全校师生发出建设“节约型校园”的倡议。请你以How to build an economized campus为题写一篇英语作文，发表在校报英文版上。要求包括以下要点：

1. 认识到节约资源的重要性；

2. 从“我”做起节约资源，及时关掉灯、电扇等；随手关水龙头等；

3. 号召师生共同建设节约型校园。

参考词汇：economized campus节约型校园

注意:

1. 短文词数不少于100字；

2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；

How to build an economized campus

Nowadays, waste on campus has become an increasingly serious problem. ________________________________________________________________________________

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