荆州2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测高三英语

1、They fail ________ that it’s part of the learning and growing process.

A．to understand

B．understand

C．understanding

D．understood

2、Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.

A．she had had time; rang

B．she had time; had rang

C．had she had time; rang

D．did she had time; had rang

3、Bob didn’t want to attend Mary’s birthday party, so he ________ an excuse to explain his absence.

A.picked up B.set up C.made up D.put up

4、We are ________ for Tibet, a place well ________ a visit.

A．fond; worthy

B．apart; worthwhile

C．bound; worth

D．aboard; worthy

5、It was ________ made his mother angry.

A．Tom broke the window that

B．Tom breaking the window that

C．Tom's breaking the window

D．that Tom broke the window that

6、Pointing with first finger in Brunei will cause ______ to others.

A．defense

B．offence

C．fence

D．sorrow

7、Let’s ______ the students into three groups and ______ boys from girls; in this way each group will have a _______ room to live in.

A. separate; divide; separated

B. separate; divide; separate

C. divide; divide; separated

D. divide; separate; separate

8、It was not until I got off the bus ________ I realized my purse had been stolen.

A．where

B．when

C．that

D．before

9、Other countries might have different opinions about table manners ________ on different customs.

A. basing   B. being based

C. based   D. to be basing

10、________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.

A. Staying   B. Stayed

C. To stay   D. Stay

11、He said he was very sorry because it was _______ his power to make the final decision. _______, I had to turn to others for help.

A. beyond; In that case   B. beyond; In no case

C. over; In any case   D. over; In his case

12、Believe it or not, we keep in touch ________ writing letters instead of sending e­mails.

A. with   B. of

C. on   D. by

13、She was determined to marry an African boy, which was considered as a   from tradition.

A. departure   B. decline   C. discrimination   D. demand

14、Will all those _______ the proposal raise their hands?

A．in spite of

B．in excess of

C．in favor of

D．in contrast to

15、—Did you have a good trip yesterday?

—We got up late, and 　　　　the first train had left, 　　　　we had to take a taxi.

A. on top of; so   B. as a result; then

C. what was worse; however   D. because; therefore

16、I was wondering if you could glance ______ my application and polish it.

A．with

B．out

C．off

D．through

17、— What took you so long?

— I got lost. I have no   of direction.

A. sense   B. ability

C. knowledge   D. feeling

18、The librarians ________ the books in the library as novels，which are popular with us.

A. suppose   B. classify

C. look   D. insist

19、______good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.

A. Far from  B. Apart from  C. Instead of  D. Regardless of

20、Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________． We must act immediately before there's________ left．

A. have run out； nothing B. are running out； none

C. have been run out； none D. are being run out； no one

21、I never dreamed of there _____ such a quiet place in the noisy city.

A.is B.are C.being D.be

22、Gone ______ the days ______ we sang and danced happily.

A．have; when

B．were; which

C．are; when

D．are; that

23、Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.

A．invited

B．to invite

C．being invited

D．had been invited

24、You must return the book to me today. There will be no excuse for any further ________．

A. response   B. hesitation

C. delay   D. loss

25、Could it have been on her birthday her parents gave her this computer as a present?

A．then

B．that

C．when

D．that’s why

26、Inflammation (炎症) is the body’s defense mechanism. You might have experienced it if you sustained physical injuries or had an infection, like the flu, which causes a sore throat. Inflammation can occur in any organ, but it is most common and easy to see in the skin. You will notice redness, heat and swelling.

Usually this is a good thing, as it shows you have a healthy immune system that can kill pathogens (病原体) and repair damage. However, inflammation can be a double-edged sword as in some people it can target the body’s healthy cells, causing what is called an autoimmune disease.     

Given this danger, a new study from Cambridge University, UK, has been looking into brain conditions that are not usually linked to autoimmune diseases. The study found that inflammation of the brain — known as neuroinflammation (神经炎症) — has been linked to several forms of dementia (痴呆).

In this new study, researchers scanned the brains of 31 volunteers with three different types of dementia. The first scan was to highlight neuroinflammation, and a second scan illuminated (阐明) poisonous proteins that are linked with dementia. The team also examined 12 post-mortem (after death) brains.

These experiments showed similar patterns of poisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation, suggesting a relationship between inflammation and dementia.

“Even we were surprised by how tightly these two problems mapped on to each other. Now, the big question is what role this neuroinflammation plays in the decline of the mind associated with dementia,” said Thomas Cope, one of the authors of the study.

Another of the study’s researchers, James Rowe, highlighted the importance of further research. He said the frequent presence of inflammation in neurodegenerative (神经退化的) diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, “offers hope that immune-based treatments might help slow or prevent these conditions”.

【1】Why is inflammation usually a good thing?

A．It can defend our body against infection.

B．It allows injuries to heal themselves.

C．It gives long-term protection to healthy cells.

D．It is a reflection of a healthy immune system.

【2】What did the study from Cambridge University find?

A．Neuroinflammation leads to dementia.

B．Increased poisonous proteins in the brain cause dementia.

C．There are links between neuroinflammation and dementia.

D．Poisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation have different patterns.

【3】What is still unknown according to Thomas Cope?

A．Why neuroinflammation is connected with dementia.

B．How the decline of the mind is associated with dementia.

C．How to prevent neuroinflammation from developing into dementia.

D．To what extent neuroinflammation and dementia are linked with each other.

【4】What can be inferred from James Rowe’s words?

A．Inflammation is one of the causes of neuroinflammation.

B．Immune-based treatments would be the best cure for dementia.

C．Research on neuroinflammation could help treat neurodegenerative diseases.

D．Further research will focus on methods of cutting poisonous proteins in the brain.

27、   Scientists can figure out a movie’s emotional tone from the gasps (喘气) of its audience. These gases could point the way to a subtle form of human communication, a new study suggests.

“When you see a movie, you can hear the music and see the pictures. However, you don’t realize there are chemical signals in the air. And they, too, could be affecting you,” says Williams, who led the study. As an atmospheric chemist, he studies the chemical makeup of the air around us.

Williams started out measuring the air in a soccer stadium. He noticed that levels of carbon dioxide and other gases changed wildly whenever the crowd cheered. That got him wondering— Could the gases people breathe out be influenced by emotions?

To find out, he went to the movies.

Williams and his coworkers measured air samples collected over six weeks in two movie theaters. Overall, 9,500 moviegoers watched 16 films. They included a mix of comedy, romance, action and horror films. Among them were The HungerGames: Catching Fire, Carrie, and Walking with Dinosaurs. The researchers gave The researchers gave scenes from the movies such labels as “suspense (悬疑),” “laughter” and “crying”. Then they looked for hundreds of chemicals in the air that showed up as people wore watching particular movie scenes.

And certain scenes had distinct chemical “fingerprints”. Scenes that had people laughing or on the edge of their seats were especially distinctive. During screenings of The HungerGames: Catching Fire, levels of carbon dioxide and isoprene (异戊二烯) got to the highest at two suspenseful moments. Because isoprene is related to muscle movement, the researchers think tense movie moments likely led to its peak. Williams and his colleagues think the increase in carbon dioxide was due to the viewers’ increased pulse and breathing rates.

Scientists need more data to make stronger links between human emotions and what’s in their breath. But Williams can see potential practical uses. Companies, for instance, could quickly measure the air during tests to see how people feel about new products. He pictures future studies recording other body variables (变数) as well. These might include heart rate and body temperature, for instance. “It’s something to find out.”

【1】What chemicals in the air are important to Williams’s recent research?

A．Those in the natural air.

B．Those taken from the theaters.

C．Those made of CO2 and isoprene.

D．Those from audience’s breath.

【2】What was William’s purpose of the research?

A．To see whether people’s emotion affects the air they breathe out.

B．To know more about the makeup of the air.

C．To study how greatly the movies influence people-s emotion.

D．To find out how the air changes in a crowded stadium.

【3】What do we know about the experiment?

A．Each participant watched about 16 films.

B．The samples were taken in two theaters over six weeks.

C．The films were labeled with three main features.

D．The movies were a mixture of comedy and romance.

【4】In which scenes do audiences respond most distinctively?

A．Crying scenes.

B．Laughing scenes.

C．Fighting scenes.

D．Suspenseful scenes.

【5】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Companies will spend much money testing their new product.

B．Human emotions are strongly related to the chemicals humans breathe out.

C．Williams thinks more measures should be taken for practical uses.

D．people’s temperature will be measured when they’re watching movies.

28、   We know that cigarette smoking kills. So, producers made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice — safer than tobacco. Although e-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes, they do not use tobacco and you do not light them. They are powered by battery.

However, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why has the United States Center for Disease Control (CDC) seen an increase in telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings?

The answer is children. Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices. In the period of one month this year, the Center said 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children aged five and younger. The devices had made them sick.

Tim McAfee is director of the Center's Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation, meaning, the U. S. federal government does not control e-cigarettes even though they contain liquid nicotine. Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger. Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens when it gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. It can cause stomach pain or a sense of unbalance. And too much nicotine can kill.

Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people that tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes. “So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest.” E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals that are found in real cigarettes. So, the U. S. Surgeon General Boris D. Lushniak has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults trying to end their tobacco use.

But McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted to the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that for young people fake e-cigarettes could be a “gateway” to the real thing.

【1】What do the producers think of e-cigarettes?

A.Dangerous. B.Expensive.

C.Safer. D.Cheaper.

【2】Why did the CDC receive so many calls about e-cigarettes?

A.Parents feared that their children might get poisoned.

B.Parents found the device useless in quitting smoking.

C.Children swallowed the liquid nicotine from the device.

D.Children might get addicted to playing with the device.

【3】It can be inferred from the passage that .

A.the CDC wants to develop a better type of e-cigarettes.

B.the government is in favor of the use of e-cigarettes.

C.Surgeon General Boris

D.Lushniak is a heavy smoker.

【4】What is Tim McAfee’s opinion about smoking?

A.Adults should use harmless e-cigarettes.

B.Smoking e-cigarettes can make a person sick.

C.He claims that regulations should be made to ban smoking.

D.He is concerned about the teens using e-cigarettes.

29、Rocky Lyons was five years old when his mother, Kelly, was driving along the country road with him. He was asleep on the front seat of their truck, with his feet resting on her lap. As his mom drove carefully down the winding country road, she turned onto a narrow bridge. The truck hit a rock and slid off the road. She tried to bring it back up onto the road by pressing hard on the gas pedal and turning the steering wheel to the left. But Rocky’s foot got caught between her leg and the steering wheel and she lost control of the truck.

The truck fell into a 20-foot ravine（峡谷）. When it hit bottom, Rocky woke up. “What happened, Mama?” he asked. “Our wheels are pointing toward the sky. ”Kelly was seriously wounded and blinded by blood. “I’ll get you out, Mama,” announced Rocky, who had surprisingly escaped injury. He climbed out from under Kelly, slid through the open window and tried to yank（用力拉）his mother out. But she didn’t move.

“Just let me sleep,” begged Kelly, who was out of consciousness. Rocky insisted, “Mom, you can’t go to sleep.”

Rocky managed to push Kelly out of the truck and told her he’d climb up to the road and stop a car to get help. Fearing that no one would be able to see her little boy in the dark, Kelly refused to let him go alone. Instead they slowly moved up to the road. The pain was so great that Kelly wanted to give up, but Rocky wouldn’t let her.

Rocky kept repeating the inspirational phrase, “I know you can, I know you can.” When they finally reached the road, Rocky broke into tears seeing his mother’s torn face clearly for the first time. Waving his arms and shouting, “Please stop!” the boy stopped a truck. His mother was sent to hospital.

It took 8 hours to rebuild Kelly’s face. She looks quite different today---“I used to have a straight long nose, thin lips and high cheekbones; now I’ve got a flat cheeks and much bigger lips”--- but she has few scars and has recovered from her injuries.

Rocky’s heroics were big news. Everyone was surprised at this little boy’s power. “It’s not like I wanted it to happen,” The boy explained. “ I just did what anyone would have done. ” “If it weren’t for Rocky, I’d have died,” said his mother.

【1】According to the text, Rocky and Kelly _________ .

A. were lost on a country road

B. had limited time to find their way

C. were involved in a truck accident

D. knew little of what happened to them

【2】When he woke up, Rocky ___________ .

A. was frightened by his mother’s blood

B. found his mother had fallen asleep

C. was stuck against the door of the truck

D. found the car was turned over

【3】What happened to Kelly at last?

A. She passed away.

B. She survived and recovered from injuries.

C. She became a hero.

D. She had a different life.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A. A Boy and His Mother

B. How to Behave Well？

C. I Think I Can

D. Nothing is Lost

30、Since the start of the Space Age, private­sector(私营部门)leaders have been issuing warnings that a centralized model would damage progress on public and, especially, commercial priorities in space. For example, Ralph Cordiner, the one­time CEO of General Electric, foresaw much of the space development while forcefully arguing that, eventually, space’s “development shall be under our traditional competitive _________ system.”

The economic logic for the centralized model was clear, and for several decades it has _________ its goals. Public goods such as national security, national pride, and basic science are typically _________ if left to the market, and NASA(美国宇航局)was founded to provide them during the Cold War. Its command­and­control structure grew naturally from that _________.

Under this model, the United States has been the leading space power and NASA has occupied the technological frontier. The success of the Apollo missions, including the 1969 moon landing, inspired grand _________ of what would come next. In the early 1970s, studies of space colonization and diversified space­based economies _________.

But after the last of the Apollo missions in 1972, NASA—and thus the US space sector—struggled to find a second _________ in its space script. Part of the reason was that the tight connection between the Apollo program and competition with the Soviet Union made NASA’s budget vulnerable(脆弱的)to the sense that the mission had already been accomplished. Apollo astronaut Buzz Aldrin said, “After the Apollo lunar missions, America lost its love of space—there was no concentrated _________ and we didn’t have any clear objectives”.

When NASA decided that its next emphasis would be on the Space Transportation System, better known as the Shuttle, it applied largely the same _________ approach it had used in the 1960s. The first flight of the Columbia space shuttle was in 1981. Successive shuttle flights enabled two decades of achievements, including the construction of the International Space Station (ISS) and Hubble Space Telescope, which __________ American technological competence.

After two tragic accidents, with the Challenger shuttle in 1986 and the Columbia shuttle in 2003, momentum(势头)turned away from the Shuttle and the centralized model of space it __________. The shuttle program was cancelled in 2011, leaving the United States in the __________ position of not being able to launch humans from domestic soil.

An instructive contrast is provided by the __________ the US government took to the development of the commercial satellite market. In 1962, Congress created COMSAT, a for­profit, private corporation owned by common shareholders and a group of telecommunications companies. NASA was officially charged with providing __________ advice to COMSAT, and the agency was given responsibility for COMSAT’s launches. The idea behind this public­private __________ was to employ the expertise of NASA to jump­start a private communications satellite industry. It led to the rapid deployment and use—for both public and private purposes—of the vast range of satellites that dominate the space economy today.

【1】

A．enterprise

B．employment

C．electricity

D．justice

【2】

A．drafted

B．attained

C．recognized

D．estimated

【3】

A．underprovided

B．underfounded

C．overpriced

D．overused

【4】

A．investment

B．acquisition

C．friction

D．objective

【5】

A．evolution

B．conversions

C．visions

D．industrialization

【6】

A．recovered

B．thrived

C．ceased

D．failed

【7】

A．act

B．planet

C．interpretation

D．animation

【8】

A．close­up

B．warm­up

C．follow­up

D．dress­up

【9】

A．centralized

B．popularized

C．coined

D．mystified

【10】

A．stuffed

B．admitted

C．demonstrated

D．overtook

【11】

A．accessed

B．rejected

C．wrinkled

D．represented

【12】

A．senior

B．navigable

C．embarrassing

D．harsh

【13】

A．risk

B．routine

C．approach

D．advantage

【14】

A．legal

B．technical

C．equal

D．financial

【15】

A．partnership

B．debate

C．meditation

D．horizon

31、Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Most men and women feel that a dinner bill should be split down the middle, how fair is this it really? A new app aims to answer this question, and for others who fall 【1】 to income inequality, by dividing the check-up according to each person's race and gender.

Equipay uses Bureau of Labor Statistics and math to calculate how much is【2】 from each person , but it will only give you statistics about the wage【3】.

'Equipay helps you avoid the firm discrimination that exists in our society. It doesn't work out an equal split of the bill but a 【4】one.' the company's site says. 'You pay what you should to balance out the wage diversity.' The app is the brain child of Luna Malbroux, a diversity educator and comedian from California, who wanted to 'make the touchy subject' of racial and gender inequalities more 【5】, The problem is expected to catch people’s eye easily.

“I hope that this, more than anything, starts a discussion and helps people to start thinking a little bit differently about how we can use technology and innovation to【6】 inequality and wage inequality, ” Malbroux said.

The app has a built in 'diversity tool' that allows you to【7】 how diverse your friends really are, the list also displays the level of diversity for each person.

Type in the amount of the entire bill at the top, tip included, and the software will begin calculating the split based on who your【8】 is. Finally it will show you the list again, but now with how much each person owes.

Before paying your share, there is the【9】 to protest, in which the app will ask 'what's your excuse' and lists reasons for you to choose from. You can say 'I was a middle child' or 'I'm unaware of my privilege'.Equipay will find the best reply possible, whether it is facts regarding income inequalities or something seemingly【10】 but also makes you think twice before disagreeing with what you have to pay.

32、假定你是李华，下周将参加主题为“I’m growing up”的英语演讲比赛。请结合自己的高中生活，写一篇英文演讲稿，反思得失，并规划下一步高中生活。

注意：1. 词数 80 左右；

2.文中不得出现学校真实名称等信息；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!

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Thank you for listening!